{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T22:25:19Z","timestamp":1793139919109,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic prostatitis (CP) is a common and serious disorder characterized by unknown pathogenic mechanisms and recurrent symptoms. Exosomes isolated from prostate stromal cells can also be used to treat chronic inflammation. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of action of Calycosin (CA) during CP therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>LPS volume of 10 \u00b5g\/mL was applied for constructing the cell models of CP. RWPE\u20101 cells were co\u2010cultivated with exosomes isolated from CA elicited\u2010WPMY\u20101 cells (CA\u2010WPMY\u20101\u2010exo). Exosomes isolated from WPMY\u20101 cells were identified by TEM, NTA, and western blotting. MTT and flow cytometry analyses were performed to evaluate cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. The secretion of inflammatory cytokines was measured using ELISA. The expressions of cleaved\u2010Caspase3, Caspase3, p\u2010p65, and p65 were determined by western blotting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>LPS treatment decreased RWPE\u20101 cell viability and stimulated more apoptotic cells, which was partly abolished by CA treatment in a dose\u2010dependent manner. Furthermore, CA alleviated the LPS\u2010induced inflammatory response in a dose\u2010dependent manner. NC\u2010WPMY\u20101 and CA\u2010WPMY\u20101 markedly enhanced RWPE\u20101 cell viability. We also found that both NC\u2010WPMY\u20101\u2010exo and CA\u2010WPMY\u20101\u2010exo reversed the effects of LPS on RWPE\u20101 cell viability, apoptosis, and inflammation. The effect of CA\u2010WPMY\u20101\u2010exo on RWPE\u20101 cells was more significant than that of NC\u2010WPMY\u20101\u2010exo.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Exosomes derived from CA\u2010exposed prostate stromal cells were identified as significant mediators of CP by inhibiting LPS\u2010induced epithelial cells inflammatory injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.70113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T14:17:28Z","timestamp":1753712248000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Exosomes Derived From Calycosin\u2010Exposed Prostate Stromal Cells Inhibit Lipopolysaccharide\u2010Induced Epithelial Cells Inflammatory Injury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Ming","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lianyungang Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of 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