{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:25:32Z","timestamp":1753878332597,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Problem<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine whether altered cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) levels of acute\u2010phase proteins (APPs) and resistin, alone or in combination with conventional clinical and blood\u2010based markers, could predict microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) and\/or intra\u2010amniotic inflammation (IAI) and acute histologic chorioamnionitis (HCA) in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods of study<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women with singleton pregnancies with PPROM at 20 + 0\u201334 + 0 weeks (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 82) were retrospectively evaluated. Amniotic fluid (AF) obtained via amniocentesis was cultured to diagnose MIAC, and interleukin\u20106 levels (\u2265 2.6\u00a0ng\/mL) were used to diagnose IAI. Haptoglobin, MBL, pentraxin\u20102, RBP4, serpin A1, and resistin levels in CVF samples, collected during amniocentesis, were determined by ELISA. Neutrophil\u2010to\u2010lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and C\u2010reactive protein levels were measured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of MIAC and\/or IAI and acute HCA was 53.6% (44\/82) and 49.3% (38\/77), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that (i) elevated CVF haptoglobin (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.857; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.263\u201327.173), pentraxin\u20102 (aOR, 1.024; 95% CI, 1.005\u20131.043), and resistin (aOR, 1.009; 95% CI, 1.003\u20131.015) levels were independently associated with MIAC\/IAI, and (ii) elevated CVF resistin levels (aOR, 1.009; 95% CI, 1.003\u20131.015) were independently associated with acute HCA after adjusting for baseline covariates. Using stepwise regression analysis, a noninvasive prediction model comprising CVF, resistin, and pentraxin\u20102 levels, NLR, and gestational age at sampling was developed, which provided a good prediction of MIAC\/IAI (area under the curve [AUC], 0.87; 95% CI, 0.78\u20130.95), with greater predictive potential than any single covariate included in the model (resistin: AUC, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.60\u20100.83; pentraxin\u20102: AUC, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.52\u20100.76; NLR: AUC, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.62\u20100.85; gestational age: AUC, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.60\u20130.82) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05 for each).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Haptoglobin, pentraxin\u20102, and resistin levels in the CVF may be valuable to evaluate the risk of MIAC, IAI, and acute HCA in women with PPROM. In particular, the combination of these acute\u2010phase and inflammatory CVF biomarkers with conventional clinical and blood\u2010based markers can significantly support MIAC\/IAI diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.70117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T17:49:47Z","timestamp":1750355387000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Acute\u2010Phase Proteins and Resistin in the Cervicovaginal Fluid of Women With Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Hee Young","family":"Cho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University  Seoul 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