{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:53:07Z","timestamp":1790790787581,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC2705900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC2705900"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the association between peripheral immune markers during gestational weeks 11\u201328 and the risk of preeclampsia (PE), and to explore potential causal relationships using Mendelian randomization (MR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 19,\u00a0028 singleton pregnancies between January 2020 and December 2023. Peripheral immune markers, including neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and platelets, and derived indices, such as neutrophil\u2010to\u2010lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet\u2010to\u2010lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte\u2010to\u2010monocyte ratio (LMR), and systemic immune\u2010inflammation index (SII), were analyzed in relation to PE incidence. Subgroup and interaction analyses were further stratified by maternal age, prepregnancy BMI, gestational age at blood test, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Causality was assessed using MR with the inverse\u2010variance weighted multiplicative random effects (IVW MRE) method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Elevated neutrophil (RR per SD = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.09\u20131.33;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), lymphocyte (RR per SD = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.06\u20131.27;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.002), and platelet (RR per SD = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.07\u20131.31;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) counts were significantly associated with increased PE risk. Associations were stronger in women aged \u226535 years, with a significant interaction for platelet count (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.004). MR analysis revealed no causal link between genetically predicted immune cell counts and PE.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher peripheral neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet levels are associated with increased PE risk, particularly among older pregnant women. While MR analysis did not support a causal effect, these immune markers may serve as accessible early indicators and offer insight into PE pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.70137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T14:48:24Z","timestamp":1753886904000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Elevated Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, and Platelet Counts as Early Biomarkers of Preeclampsia Risk: A Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Ying\u2010Ling","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University  Chongqing China"},{"name":"Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Chongqing 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