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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection induces a chronic inflammatory state and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. In this observational cohort of pregnant people living with HIV in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), we sought to gain a deeper understanding of peripartum changes in cytokines, chemokines and soluble factors (collectively termed immune factors).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method of Study<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pregnant individuals living with HIV were enrolled during their second or third trimester in Kinshasa, DRC, between October 2020 and May 2021. Peripheral blood samples were collected at: enrollment (second or third trimester), 1\u20133 days postdelivery and postpartum. Concentrations of 45 immune factors were measured using LegendPlex and ELISAs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Most chemokines decreased significantly from enrollment to postdelivery, followed by a rebound in the postpartum period. Meanwhile, concentrations of myoglobin, serum amyloid A\u20101 protein (SAA), and interleukin 6 (IL\u20106), increased from enrollment to postdelivery, followed by a decrease postpartum. Finally, protein S100\u2010A8\/protein S100\u2010A9 (S100A8\/A9) and insulin\u2010like growth factor\u2010binding protein 4 (IGFBP4) consistently increased from enrollment through postpartum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The postdelivery decline in chemokines observed in this study has not previously been reported. This shift may result from two mechanisms: greater\u2010than\u2010expected placental chemokine production or the degradation of key signaling molecules during parturition and early uterine involution. Additionally, the rise in proinflammatory markers from enrollment to postdelivery suggests a persistent inflammatory state, either unaffected by fetal delivery or worsened by tissue damage in the gestational parent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.70147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T14:50:46Z","timestamp":1755874246000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Dynamics of Cytokines and Chemokines During the Peripartum Period in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"94","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1942-1529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Corry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Zotova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine Department of Medicine Albert Einstein College of Medicine  Bronx New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martine","family":"Tabala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University of Kinshasa  Kinshasa The Democratic Republic of the Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina K.","family":"Cotrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"},{"name":"Mission and Outreach Team Hyde Park Community United Methodist Church  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fid\u00e9le Lumande","family":"Kasindi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University of Kinshasa  Kinshasa The Democratic Republic of the Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bienvenu Lebwaze","family":"Massamba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of Kinshasa  Kinshasa The Democratic Republic of the Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pelagie","family":"Babakazo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University of Kinshasa  Kinshasa The Democratic Republic of the Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7362-3282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Namal P. 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