{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T04:15:14Z","timestamp":1788581714876,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Problem<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder in women of child\u2010bearing age, often linked to ovarian dysfunction and complications beyond infertility. However, its management remains suboptimal due to unclear etiology. Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 (SREBP1) and Toll\u2010like Receptor 4 (TLR4) have been implicated in lipid metabolism and immune responses, but their interaction with ovarian function in PCOS remains unclear.\n                      <jats:italic>Mentha spicata<\/jats:italic>\n                      (spearmint) traditionally recognized for its hormonal and metabolic benefits, and its bioactive component, carvone (CARV), exhibit potent antioxidant and anti\u2010inflammatory properties.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method of study<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study investigated the involvement of SREBP1\/TLR4\u2010dependent pathway in letrozole\u2010induced PCOS rat model and assessed the therapeutic potential of\n                      <jats:italic>Mentha spicata<\/jats:italic>\n                      extract (MENT) and carvone. Eight\u2010week\u2010old female Wistar rats were divided into groups (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 7), namely, Control, CARV, MENT, PCOS, PCOS+CARV, and PCOS+MENT groups. Administration of letrozole (1\u00a0mg\/kg) for 3 weeks induced PCOS. Thereafter, rats were treated with MENT (100\u00a0mg\/kg, po) and carvone (20\u00a0mg\/kg, po) for 6 weeks.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PCOS rats exhibited elevated plasma testosterone, anti\u2010Mullerian hormone, prolactin, sex hormone\u2013binding globulin, luteinizing hormone, lipid profiles, insulin resistance (HOMA\u2010IR), and ovarian inflammation (NF\u2010\u03baB)\/lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde), alongside reduced antioxidant levels (glutathione) and increased Galectin\u20103 expression. Furthermore, there was an upregulation of SREBP1 and TLR4. Treatment with MENT or carvone significantly reversed these systemic and ovarian abnormalities compared to PCOS group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These findings suggest that\n                      <jats:italic>M. spicata<\/jats:italic>\n                      and carvone ameliorate metabolic disturbance and ovarian dysfunction in PCOS by suppressing SREBP1\/TLR4 expression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.70183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T17:35:24Z","timestamp":1762536924000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["<i>Mentha spicata<\/i>\n                    and Its Bioactive Compound Carvone Ameliorate Metabolic Disturbance and Ovarian Dysfunction in Experimental Rat Model of PCOS by Suppression of SREBP1\/TLR4\u2010Dependent Pathway"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Comfort A.","family":"Oladele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Afe Babalola University Ado\u2010Ekiti Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie E.","family":"Areloegbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Afe Babalola University Ado\u2010Ekiti Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chidubem F.","family":"Emereonye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Afe Babalola University Ado\u2010Ekiti Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8229-9688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kehinde S.","family":"Olaniyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Afe Babalola University Ado\u2010Ekiti Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"1235","article-title":"Effects of Spearmint Tea on Testosterone Levels and Hirsutism Symptoms in Women With PCOS: A Clinical Trial Study","volume":"102","author":"Akdogan M.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.Alaee M. J.Bagheri M. S.Ataabadi andF.Koohpeyma 2020.Capacity ofMentha spicata(spearmint) Extract in Alleviating Hormonal and Folliculogenesis Disturbances in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Rat Model. Semantic Scholar https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36380\/scil.2020.wvj56.","DOI":"10.36380\/scil.2020.wvj56"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"34","article-title":"Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Among Women Attending Infertility Clinics in Nigeria","volume":"25","author":"Adedoyin O. T.","year":"2021","journal-title":"African Journal of Reproductive Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. S.Ali\u2010Shtayeh R. M.Jamous S. Y.Abu\u2010Zaitoun andA. I.Khasati 2019.Pancreatic Lipase Inhibition and Synergistic Effects ofMentha spicataEssential Oil and Carvone With Orlistat for Obesity Management. 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