{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T13:18:14Z","timestamp":1774271894434,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001407","name":"Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pregnancy requires maternal immune tolerance of the semi\u2010allogeneic fetus without compromising host defense. Myeloid\u2010derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have emerged as key regulators of maternal fetal tolerance, but their role in early miscarriage (EM), recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), and recurrent implantation failure (RIF) remains incompletely defined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To systematically evaluate the role of MDSCs in EM, RPL, and RIF and assess their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in implantation failure and pregnancy loss.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Searches were conducted in Google Scholar up to April 13, 2025, using the terms \u201cMyeloid Derived Suppressor Cells,\u201d \u201cin vitro fertilization,\u201d \u201cearly miscarriage,\u201d \u201cpregnancy loss,\u201d and \u201cimplantation failure.\u201d Studies were eligible if they quantified MDSCs in peripheral blood or endometrial samples of women with EM, RPL, or RIF and animal\u2010only studies. Reviews, abstracts, and inaccessible full texts were excluded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 70 records identified, 11 met inclusion criteria (seven human, five murine, one has included human samples and murine models). In human studies, reduced granulocytic MDSCs (G\u2010MDSCs) were strongly associated with EM and RPL, correlating with low estradiol\/progesterone, impaired STAT3 signaling, and a Th1\u2010dominant cytokine milieu. Findings in RIF were heterogeneous: some reported decreased polymorphonuclear MDSCs with functional impairment, while others observed elevated monocytic MDSCs (M\u2010MDSCs) with diminished suppressive capacity, suggesting dysfunctional or compensatory expansion. Placental enrichment of G\u2010MDSCs demonstrated their tolerogenic role in situ, promoting Treg induction and macrophage polarization. Murine models confirmed it as the cause since MDSC depletion abolished pregnancy, while progesterone\u2010STAT3\u2010ROS signaling supported their expansion and suppressive function. Adoptive MDSC transfer partially rescued fetal resorption in abortion\u2010prone models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MDSCs are central to maternal fetal tolerance, and their dysregulation contributes to EM, RPL, and RIF. Human and animal data support their potential as predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets in implantation failure. Standardization of MDSC phenotyping and mechanistic studies of subset\u2010specific functions are warranted to advance clinical translation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.70203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T13:23:17Z","timestamp":1768828997000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Role of Myeloid\u2010Derived Suppressor Cells as a Potential Biomarker in Implanation Failure: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Shubhangi","family":"Jha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gujarat Biotechnology University  Gandhinagar Gujarat India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suresh Singh","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Guru Nanak Dev University  Amritsar India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rohina","family":"Aggarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Center  Ahmedabad Gujarat India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7584-1010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rohini R.","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gujarat Biotechnology University  Gandhinagar Gujarat India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4110\/in.2024.24.e30"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21926\/obm.transplant.2001104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1HI1016\u2010306RR"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S459263"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00389"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010pathmechdis\u2010012418\u2010012743"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2023.08.954"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815\u2010024\u201003257\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/mr\u20102022\u20100030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26031295"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1080391"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12351"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.584712"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102288\u201014\u201043"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20477724.2017.1377974"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032\u2010022\u201000995\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1A1015\u2010481RR"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gaw026"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116889"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13081"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13783"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2021.103316"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1500340"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.13059"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1CE1216\u2010525R"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Reproductive Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aji.70203","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/aji.70203","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aji.70203","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T13:28:52Z","timestamp":1769606932000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/aji.70203"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/aji.70203"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aji.70203","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1046-7408","1600-0897"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1046-7408","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0897","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70203"}}