{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T14:06:59Z","timestamp":1779026819219,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine whether plasma acute phase\u2010, adhesion\u2010related, and multifunctional proteins, alone or in combination with ultrasound and traditional blood tests, can predict the microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and\/or intra\u2010amniotic inflammation (MIAC\/IAI) and spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB) in women with preterm labor (PTL).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cohort study was performed on 249 singleton pregnant women with PTL (at 23+0 to 34+0 weeks) who underwent transabdominal amniocentesis. Plasma samples were obtained at amniocentesis. MIAC\/IAI was characterized by a positive amniotic fluid (AF) culture and\/or an elevated interleukin (IL)\u20106 level (\u22652.6\u00a0ng\/mL) in the AF. Plasma levels of hepcidin, mannose\u2010binding lectin (MBL), retinol\u2010binding protein 4 (RBP4), serum amyloid A1 (SAA1), E\u2010selectin, P\u2010selectin, progranulin, transforming growth factor \u03b21, and vitamin d\u2010binding protein levels were measured using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay. C\u2010reactive protein levels, white blood cell (WBC) counts, neutrophil\u2010to\u2010lymphocyte ratio, and sonographic cervical lengths (CLs) were measured.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After adjusting for baseline covariates, multivariable logistic regression analyses showed significant associations between (i) decreased RBP4 and E\u2010selectin levels and elevated SAA1 levels in the plasma and MIAC\/IAI; and (ii) decreased RBP4 and progranulin levels and elevated SAA1 levels in the plasma and SPTB \u22647 days of sampling. Using stepwise regression analyses, noninvasive prediction models for MIAC\/IAI and SPTB \u22647 days were developed, comprising plasma RBP4, SAA1, MBL, and E\u2010selectin levels; CL; and WBC counts, with area under the curve values of 0.86 and 0.89, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SAA1, RBP4, E\u2010selectin, and progranulin may represent valuable plasma biomarkers for predicting MIAC\/IAI and imminent SPTB in women with PTL. Particularly, the combination of these plasma biomarkers with ultrasound and traditional inflammatory blood markers can significantly support the diagnosis of MIAC\/IAI and imminent SPTB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.70235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T10:52:07Z","timestamp":1775645527000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Predictive Potential of Plasma Acute Phase\u2010 and Adhesion\u2010Related Proteins and Progranulin for Intra\u2010Amniotic Infection\/Inflammation and Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Women With Preterm Labor"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Hee Young","family":"Cho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul National University Hospital  Seoul South 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