{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T08:58:44Z","timestamp":1790585924638,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21HD109723"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21HD109723"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30ES030284"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30ES030284"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01ES022841"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01ES022841"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Problem<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maternal inflammation is linked to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, but how maternal inflammation affects fetal inflammation during mid\u2010gestation is not known.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method of Study<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We measured 20 biomarkers of inflammation, including chemokines, pro\u2010and anti\u2010inflammatory cytokines, and immunomodulatory cytokines, in matched maternal and cord sera and placental tissue collected during the second trimester from a diverse cohort (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 106). We examined trends in biomarkers across the second trimester using a linear trend test, and compared distributions across sociodemographic groups using a Kruskal\u2010Wallis test. We calculated Spearman correlation coefficients and stratified the correlation matrices by gestational age at sample collection (&lt;20\u00a0vs. \u2265 20 gestational weeks).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most inflammatory biomarkers did not exhibit clear trends with gestational age, except for cord levels of CCL17 and CCL22; both Th2\u2010associated chemokines significantly increased across the second trimester. There were no consistent patterns in biomarker levels across sociodemographic groups. Overall, correlations among maternal, placental and cord biomarkers were stronger before 20 weeks\u2019 gestation than in later pregnancy. While correlations between maternal and placental CCL17 declined after 20 weeks, the correlation between placental and cord CCL17 increased during this same period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maternal and fetal inflammatory responses are more tightly coordinated earlier in the second trimester.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.70324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T02:23:48Z","timestamp":1790389428000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Maternal\u2010Fetal Interplay During Mid\u2010gestation: Inflammatory Biomarker Levels in Maternal Sera, Cord Sera and Placenta"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7557-7977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dana E.","family":"Goin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center For Reproductive Sciences Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie L.","family":"Gaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center For Reproductive Sciences Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Division of Maternal\u2010Fetal Medicine Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1153-7287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel","family":"Morello\u2010Frosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science Policy and Management and School of Public Health University of California  Berkeley California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracey J.","family":"Woodruff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program On Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0891-6964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie M.","family":"Eick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health Rollins School of Public Health Emory University  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2421-4535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua F.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center For Reproductive Sciences Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Program On Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2017.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.107.060632"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1164511"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.5CE1021\u2010560"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1206322110"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12185"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12851"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aan2946"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2014.3085"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transci.2020.102945"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI68989"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2016.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582\u2010021\u201000530\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.113427"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.139076"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.117.4.1162"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010023\u201006816\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.80.9.4501\u20104509.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AIA.0b013e318034194e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxu079"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100897.2010.00852.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2024.104278"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23507"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.10.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imcb.12644"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2021.106636"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000001044"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000918"}],"container-title":["American 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