{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T07:42:50Z","timestamp":1781595770048,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1436832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004726","name":"Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004726","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust NZ J Obst Gynaeco"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neonatal infection with group B streptococcus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GBS<\/jats:styled-content>) is an important cause of infant mortality. Intrapartum antibiotics reduce early\u2010onset <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GBS<\/jats:styled-content> sepsis, but recommendations vary as to whether they should be offered following antenatal screening or based on risk factors alone. We aimed to determine the incidence of early\u2010onset <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GBS<\/jats:styled-content> sepsis in New\u00a0Zealand five\u00a0years after the publication of national risk\u2010based <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GBS<\/jats:styled-content> prevention guidelines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective surveillance of early\u2010onset <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GBS<\/jats:styled-content> sepsis (defined as infection in the first 48\u00a0h of life) was undertaken between April 2009 and March 2011 through the auspices of the New Zealand Paediatric Surveillance Unit as part of a survey of infection presenting in the first week of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 29 cases of confirmed early\u2010onset <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GBS<\/jats:styled-content> sepsis, including one case of meningitis, giving an incidence rate of 0.23 per 1000 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.16\u20130.33) live births. Three infants (10.3%) died. In 16 cases (55%), a maternal risk factor qualifying the mother for intrapartum antibiotics was present, but only five (31%) received this intervention. A retrospective review of the major hospital laboratory databases for this period identified two additional cases. A secondary sensitivity analysis taking account of these cases provided an estimated national incidence of 0.26 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.18\u20130.37) per\u00a01000 live births.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten years after a similar survey and five\u00a0years after promoting a single, risk\u2010based prevention protocol nationally, the incidence of early\u2010onset <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GBS<\/jats:styled-content> disease in New Zealand has more than halved, but opportunities remain to further reduce the rate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.12378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T12:49:34Z","timestamp":1436878174000},"page":"69-74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Early\u2010onset neonatal group B streptococcus sepsis following national risk\u2010based prevention guidelines"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Brian A.","family":"Darlow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics University of Otago Christchurch Christchurch New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lesley","family":"Voss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases Starship Children's Hospital Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana R.","family":"Lennon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Kidz First and Starship Children's Hospitals Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Grimwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute Children's Health Queensland South Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61651-6"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease","volume":"59","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2010","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","volume-title":"The Prevention of Early\u2010Onset Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Disease","author":"Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2011.02203.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2014.934804"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1754.2002.00783.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"1200","article-title":"The prevention of early onset neonatal group B streptococcus infection: technical report from the New Zealand GBS Consensus Working Party","volume":"117","author":"Campbell N","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2006.097451"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2010.01995.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000128782.20060.79"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.88.2.F89"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","unstructured":"New Zealand Ministry of Health.Primary Maternity Services Notice (Section\u00a088). [Accessed 23 March 2015.] Available from URL:http:\/\/www.health.govt.nz\/our-work\/life-stages\/maternity-services\/primary-maternity-services-notice-section-88"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","unstructured":"Statistics New Zealand.Infoshare. [Accessed 23 March 2015.] Available from URL:http:\/\/www.stats.govt.nz\/infoshare"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-994371"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2481"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.88.1.F15"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2007.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(12)70188-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020205"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2004.tb02933.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2009.178798"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70919-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0806820"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31821dc76f"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-2217"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2009.160333"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.12.080"}],"container-title":["Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fajo.12378","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ajo.12378","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T07:18:49Z","timestamp":1695539929000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ajo.12378"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ajo.12378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajo.12378","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-8666","1479-828X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-8666","type":"print"},{"value":"1479-828X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-03-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-06-02","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-07-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}