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Pregnancies with appendicitis and appendicectomy were compared to pregnancies without appendicitis. Crude and adjusted hazard ratios (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aHR<\/jats:styled-content>) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for preterm birth were estimated. Modified Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate crude and adjusted risk ratios (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aRR<\/jats:styled-content>) with 99% CI for other outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 1\u00a0124\u00a0551 eligible pregnancies, 1024 (0.9\/1000 pregnancies) had appendicitis and appendicectomy. Of these, 566 (55.3%) had laparoscopic and 458 (44.7%) had open appendicectomy. Appendicectomy at later gestational ages was associated with increasing rates of preterm birth. After adjustment for maternal and pregnancy factors, appendicectomy was associated with increased risk of preterm birth (overall <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aHR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.73, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.42\u20132.09; planned <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aHR<\/jats:styled-content> 2.08, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.60\u20132.72), maternal morbidity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aRR<\/jats:styled-content> 2.68, 99% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.88\u20133.83) and neonatal morbidity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aRR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.42, 99% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.03\u20131.94). However, there was no difference in perinatal mortality rates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Appendicectomy during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of spontaneous and planned preterm birth, maternal and neonatal morbidity. Availability of resources to prevent or manage preterm labour should be considered when appendicectomy is performed at gestational ages of 20\u00a0weeks or more.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.12807","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,30]],"date-time":"2018-03-30T23:36:21Z","timestamp":1522452981000},"page":"45-53","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Appendicectomy during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth: A population data linkage study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6024-2958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ibinabo","family":"Ibiebele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Population Perinatal Health Research Kolling Institute Northern Sydney Local Health District  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Sydney Medical School Northern University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Schnitzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Medical School Northern University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Department of Colorectal Surgery Royal North Shore Hospital  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanya","family":"Nippita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Population Perinatal Health Research Kolling Institute Northern Sydney Local Health District  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Royal North Shore Hospital Northern Sydney Local Health District  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane B.","family":"Ford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Population Perinatal Health Research Kolling Institute Northern Sydney Local Health District  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Sydney Medical School Northern University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"835","article-title":"Appendectomy during pregnancy: a Swedish Registry study of 778 cases","volume":"77","author":"Mazze RI","year":"1991","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12736"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-016-3731-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.7139"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2015.01.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.1989.tb01773.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)70163-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2012.704445"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2008.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.8889"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.13750"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","unstructured":"NSW Ministry of Health.Centre for Health Record Linkage: How Record Linkage Works. 2016.http:\/\/www.cherel.org.au\/how-record-linkage-works30\/05\/2016)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2004.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.308.6921.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e3181649439"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e318178eae4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mja11.11331"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-011-0797-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics.Socio\u2010economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) Data only: 2006 Catalogue 2033.0.55.001 2008. 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