{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T21:11:17Z","timestamp":1792444277244,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]],"date-time":"2021-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632873600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust NZ J Obst Gynaeco"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Training in obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) in Australia and New Zealand relies upon consultant teaching and has not previously been assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aims of this study are to establish if training in OASIS is consistent and optimal in Australia and New Zealand and to evaluate trainee perspectives on supervision and teaching, along with confidence in repairing OASIS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A descriptive cross\u2010sectional study was performed. Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists trainees were sent a 21\u2010question survey. The survey was distributed to 725 trainees, and 132 trainees provided complete responses (18.2%). The main outcome measures were (i) comparison of confidence in performing a caesarean section versus OASIS repair and (ii) descriptive analysis of views towards training and suggestions for improvement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Trainees were significantly more confident in performing a caesarean section independently compared to OASIS repair (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). This was the case for all year groups. Confidence increased with each year of training. Only 62% reported credentialing at their site. Whereas 50% reported training at the time of first unsupervised repair as good or excellent, 22.7% felt it was suboptimal and 2.3% unsatisfactory; 75.8% had attended a workshop; 38.6% requested mandatory workshops. Requests included that workshops be yearly, include video training and be required at consultant level. Trainees asked for supervision despite credentialing and for separate credentialing for 3A\/B\u2010 and 3C\/4th\u2010degree tears.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Trainees have increasing confidence in their ability to independently perform OASIS repairs throughout training. They requested that improvements be made to training and that there be an increase in structured teaching.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.13437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]],"date-time":"2021-09-29T14:29:36Z","timestamp":1632925776000},"page":"250-254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Training in obstetric anal sphincter injuries in Australia and New Zealand: A survey of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists trainees"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0871-1811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Young","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Royal North Shore Hospital Northern Sydney Local Health District St Leonards New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Department of Urogynaecology Gold Coast University Hospital Gold Coast Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5988-1346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanya A. C.","family":"Nippita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Royal North Shore Hospital Northern Sydney Local Health District St Leonards New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Department of Urogynaecology Gold Coast University Hospital Gold Coast Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Women and Babies Research Kolling Institute Royal North Shore Hospital The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Discipline of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-019-04108-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2014.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.920"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01443619509007724"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472\u20106963\u20102\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/316983"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","first-page":"1025","article-title":"Episiotomy and perineal repair","volume":"47","author":"McLennan MT","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100039\u20101692714"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","unstructured":"Reducing Harm from Perineal Tears[Internet]. Women\u2019s Healthcare Australasia. [Cited 2021 June 6]. Available from:https:\/\/women.wcha.asn.au\/collaborative"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","unstructured":"Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care.Third and Fourth Degree Perineal Tears Clinical Care Standard 2021 Sydney NSW. Available from:https:\/\/www.safetyandquality.gov.au\/publications\u2010and\u2010resources\/resource\u2010library\/third\u2010and\u2010fourth\u2010degree\u2010perineal\u2010tears\u2010clinical\u2010care\u2010standard"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","unstructured":"RANZCOG.In\u2010hospital credentialing documentation.2013 Melbourne VIC. Available from:https:\/\/ranzcog.edu.au\/training\/specialist\u2010training\/hospitals\/in\u2010hospital\u2010credentialing\u2010documentation"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000251499.18394.9f"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.7512"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192\u2010008\u20100756\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001523"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","volume-title":"The management of third\u2010 and fourth\u2010degree perineal tears (Green top 29)","author":"Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.02.044"}],"container-title":["Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ajo.13437","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ajo.13437","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ajo.13437","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]],"date-time":"2023-08-25T19:58:40Z","timestamp":1692993520000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ajo.13437"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ajo.13437"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajo.13437","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-8666","1479-828X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-8666","type":"print"},{"value":"1479-828X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-06-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-09-08","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-09-29","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}