{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T17:01:25Z","timestamp":1792429285546,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust NZ J Obst Gynaeco"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Childbirth is a common factor which increases the risk of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS). Damage to the anal sphincters increases the risk of anal incontinence, which has a debilitating impact on the quality of life. Post\u2010repair laxatives are prescribed in this group of women. However, there is no consensus regarding the type or frequency with which they are used, and available guidelines lack consistency and evidence to support the recommendations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim was to review and compare the international, national and local Australian management guidelines for recommendations regarding laxative use in women after OASIS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>An online literature search of medical and nursing databases such as PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane was performed between January 2000 and October 2020. Full\u2010text articles with MeSH headings and Text Words [TW] identified guidelines in the prevention, management and care of OASIS. The search terms included \u2018obstetric anal sphincter injury\u2019, \u2018OASIS\u2019, \u2018perineal tear\u2019, \u2018postpartum continence\u2019, \u2018bowel injury\u2019, \u2018aperient\u2019, \u2018laxative use\u2019 and \u2018bulking agents\u2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirteen guidelines were included. Laxatives were recommended in most guidelines; however, there was a lack of consistency regarding the type of laxative used, frequency, dose and duration of use. Guidelines were based on historical evidence, with paucity of recently acquired data identified.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is no consensus regarding an optimal laxative regime for women who sustain an anal sphincter injury after childbirth. Further research is required to develop evidence\u2010based robust clinical guidelines regarding laxative use in women who sustain OASIS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.13594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,15]],"date-time":"2022-08-15T19:16:28Z","timestamp":1660590988000},"page":"204-211","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Post\u2010repair laxative management in obstetric anal sphincter injury guidelines: A narrative review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0891-052X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Tucker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Continence Nursing Service, Women and Children's Division, Northern Adelaide Local Health Network Lyell McEwin Hospital  Elizabeth Vale South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tayla","family":"Hassam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ACRRM Obstetrics Registrar, Women and Children's Division, Northern Adelaide Local Health Network Lyell McEwin Hospital  Elizabeth Vale South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karolina","family":"Juszczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colorectal Surgeon, Division of Surgery Specialities and Anaesthetics, Northern Adelaide Local Health Network Lyell McEwin Hospital  Elizabeth Vale South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Briley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's Health &amp; Midwifery Research, College of Nursing &amp; Health Sciences Flinders University  Bedford Park South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anupam","family":"Parange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women and Children's Division Lyell McEwin Hospital  Elizabeth Vale South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth Mary Anne","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgical Specialties and Anaesthetics, Northern Allied Health Network (NALHN) Lyell Mc Ewin Hospital  Elizabeth Vales South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"30","article-title":"Perineal trauma: reducing associated postnatal maternal morbidity","volume":"8","author":"Premkumar G","year":"2005","journal-title":"RCM Midwives"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-13-59"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogrm.2019.01.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-1609.12025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogrm.2015.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e318142cdf4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sagf.2016.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-020-04464-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12909"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","unstructured":"RCOG.The Management of Third\u2010and Fourth Degree Perineal Tears Green Top Guideline No 29.2015(June)."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogrm.2013.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2020.01.049"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","article-title":"Obstetric anal sphincter injuries at vaginal delivery: a review of recently published national guidelines","volume":"73","author":"Tsakirdis I","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Surv"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"852","article-title":"Obstetric anal sphincter injuries: a survey of clinical practice and education among obstetricians and gynaecologists in Ireland","volume":"112","author":"Abdelrahman M","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ir Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","unstructured":"NICE. Intrapartum Care.Care of healthy women and their babies during childbirth Clinical guideline 190 Clinical guideline Published: 3 December 2014.www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/cg190"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","unstructured":"Queensland Clinical Guidelines Perineal Care.Guideline No. MN18.30\u2010V4\u2010R23. Queensland Health2020. 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In:Health Service Executive ed.Institute of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and Directorate of Clinical Strategy and Programmes Version 1 Guideline 8.Dublin:Royal College of Physicians of Ireland 2012;1\u201320."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-003-0009-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2007.01331.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/WHE.14.66"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","volume-title":"Therapeutic Guidelines Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders","author":"Moulds J","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","unstructured":"Australian Medical Handbook\u2010Laxatives.Australian Medicines Handbook Pty Ltd 2021. Available from:http:\/\/amhonline.amh\/net.au\/. Accessed March 21 2021."}],"container-title":["Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ajo.13594","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ajo.13594","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ajo.13594","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T14:31:27Z","timestamp":1692628287000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ajo.13594"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ajo.13594"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajo.13594","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-8666","1479-828X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-8666","type":"print"},{"value":"1479-828X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-05-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-07-08","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-08-12","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}