{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T23:13:55Z","timestamp":1785712435074,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]],"date-time":"2023-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001505","name":"Health Research Council of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HRC 20\/115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HRC 20\/115"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001505","name":"Health Research Council of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HRC 20\/116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HRC 20\/116"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008247","name":"University of Otago","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008247","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust NZ J Obst Gynaeco"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The combined oral contraceptive (COC) is the most commonly used hormonal contraceptive in Aotearoa New Zealand (Aotearoa\/NZ). Currently there is limited data available on who uses COC in Aotearoa\/NZ. The aims were to (i) define the population of reproductive\u2010aged females in Aotearoa\/NZ in 2018 and identify the rate of COC use among this group and (ii) describe the sociodemographic and geographic characteristics of the population of COC users compared to the general population of reproductive\u2010aged females in 2018.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This whole\u2010of\u2010population cross\u2010sectional study used the Integrated Data Infrastructure, a large research database managed by Statistics New Zealand. Females aged 16\u201350\u2009years with complete sociodemographic and geographic information in 2018 from Aotearoa\/NZ's estimated resident population were included. COC dispensing records to this cohort were identified from the national Pharmaceutical Collection. This paper reports descriptive counts of COC use and employs generalised linear regression with a binomial distribution and a log link to estimate adjusted risk ratios (aRR) of COC use for key sociodemographic and geographic subgroups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 1\u2009113\u2009750 individuals in the study, 159\u2009789 (14.3%) were dispensed as COC in 2018. European\/other individuals were most likely to use COC (aRR: 2.72, 2.67\u20132.78), and Pacific Peoples were least likely (aRR: 0.56, 0.55\u20130.58) to use COC. Individuals residing in the most deprived quintile had less COC use than individuals in the least deprived quintile (aRR: 0.73, 0.72\u20130.74).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study is able to highlight significant disparities in use by ethnicity, area\u2010level deprivation, and geographic factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.13672","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]],"date-time":"2023-04-05T04:34:48Z","timestamp":1680669288000},"page":"441-447","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Disparities in utilisation of combined oral contraceptives in Aotearoa New Zealand: A cross\u2010sectional whole\u2010of\u2010population study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3837-5476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caryn","family":"Thomas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Otago Medical School University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"},{"name":"New Zealand Pharmacovigilance Centre, Division of Health Sciences University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rhiannon","family":"Braund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Zealand Pharmacovigilance Centre, Division of Health Sciences University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Bowden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"},{"name":"A Better Start National Science Challenge  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Hobbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health University of Canterbury  Christchurch New Zealand"},{"name":"GeoHealth Laboratory Geospatial Research Institute, University of Canterbury  Christchurch New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesse","family":"Kokaua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Va'a O Tautai \u2013 Centre for Pacific Health, Division of Health Sciences University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8240-082X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen","family":"Paterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Otago Medical School University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.12732"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1363\/3509403"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1506575"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.12074"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","volume-title":"Contraception: Findings from the 2014\/15 New Zealand Heath Survey","author":"Ministry of Health","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12465"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13625187.2010.533002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","volume-title":"Current Contraceptive Status among Women Aged 15\u201349: United States, 2017\u20132019 [Internet]. 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