{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:37:09Z","timestamp":1791895029086,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]],"date-time":"2023-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017511","name":"Metro North Hospital and Health Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017511","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust NZ J Obst Gynaeco"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previously, management of gestational diabetes (GDM) has focused largely on glycaemic control, with a view to reduce the occurrence of large\u2010for\u2010gestational\u2010age (LGA) infants. However, tight glycaemic control in GDM is associated with a higher incidence of small\u2010for\u2010gestational\u2010age (SGA) infants, which has been linked to higher rates of adverse outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim was to characterise risk factors associated with having an SGA infant in women being treated for GDM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective observational cohort study of 308 women with GDM. Women were split into groups based on their infant's size at delivery (SGA, appropriate\u2010for\u2010gestational\u2010age (AGA) or LGA). Literature review and expert opinion helped to determine several predictors of women with GDM delivering an SGA infant, and statistical analysis was used to produce odds ratios (OR) for these predictors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sample included primiparous women with a mean pre\u2010pregnancy body mass index (BMI) of 25.72 (standard deviation: 5.75). Metabolic risk factors associated with delivering an SGA infant included a lower pre\u2010pregnancy BMI (adjusted OR 1.13, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01\u20131.26), a lower fasting blood glucose level (BGL) (adjusted OR: 3.21, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01, 95% CI: 1.30\u20137.93) and growth that was high risk for SGA at baseline ultrasound scan (USS) (adjusted OR: 7.43, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, 95% CI: 2.93\u201318.79).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The combined clinical picture of lower pre\u2010pregnancy BMI, fasting BGL and baseline USS growth measurements may indicate a need for less aggressive glucose management in women with GDM to prevent SGA infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.13696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T01:26:46Z","timestamp":1684891606000},"page":"714-720","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Factors associated with higher risk of small\u2010for\u2010gestational\u2010age infants in women treated for gestational diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4007-4798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hillarie J.","family":"DREVER","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Perinatal Research Centre, Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland  Herston"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology Townsville Hospital and Health Service Research Education, Support and Administration Townsville University Hospital  Douglas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah J.","family":"DAVIDSON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perinatal Research Centre, Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland  Herston"},{"name":"Women's and Newborn Services Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital  Herston Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Duke University School of Medicine, DUMC 3710  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonie K.","family":"CALLAWAY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's and Newborn Services Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital  Herston Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renuka","family":"SEKAR","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine Maternal and Fetal Medicine Specialist Royal Brisbane and Women's 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