{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T21:38:06Z","timestamp":1757540286333,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust NZ J Obst Gynaeco"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the correlation between the ultrasound finding of cystic spaces in the endometrium and endometrial hyperplasia or cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a retrospective cohort study at a tertiary teaching hospital in Victoria, Australia, between January 2014 and December 2016. Patients who had a tertiary ultrasound where the endometrium was assessed and underwent endometrial sampling in the subsequent year were included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 1614 patients who were included, and 154 (9.5%) had endometrial cystic spaces on ultrasound. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for a histological finding of polyps were 16.3%, 93.4%, 51.3% and 72.3%, respectively; for endometrial hyperplasia without atypia (EH no A) 40.7%, 91.0%, 7.1% and 98.9%, respectively; for hyperplasia with atypia (EH with A) 25.0%, 90.8%, 5.2%, 98.4%, respectively and for endometrial cancer were 19.5%, 90.7%, 5.2% and 97.7%, respectively. When adjusted for age, endometrial thickness and the presence of polyps on ultrasound, cystic spaces increased the odds of a histologic diagnosis of polyps (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.13 (95% CI 1.41\u20133.21) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) or EH no A (aOR 5.20 (95% CI 2.06\u201313.12) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and reduced the odds of endometrial cancer (aOR 0.26 (0.08\u20130.81) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cystic spaces on ultrasound are more likely to indicate the presence of EH no A or an endometrial polyp than endometrial cancer. As one in ten patients who had cystic spaces on tertiary ultrasound had a pathologic diagnosis of EH with A or carcinoma, there remains a need for sampling in this group until better data are available.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.13914","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T11:28:21Z","timestamp":1737113301000},"page":"404-408","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cystic Spaces in the Endometrium on Ultrasound and Correlations With Pathological Diagnosis: A\u00a0Contemporary Retrospective Cohort Study in a Tertiary Centre"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4590-4890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosemary","family":"McBain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Women's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Reidy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Women's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Palma\u2010Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Women's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Healey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Women's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000004989"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.187.1.8451399"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"755","article-title":"Endometrial polyps, hyperplasia and carcinoma in postmenopausal women: Differentiation with endovaginal sonography","volume":"191","author":"Hulka C","year":"1994","journal-title":"Genitourinary Radiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.12937"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000441779"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.14.3.8066264"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2007.26.1.55"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.160.4.8456669"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jmh.jmh_218_21"}],"container-title":["Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ajo.13914","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T11:26:51Z","timestamp":1753183611000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ajo.13914"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ajo.13914"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajo.13914","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-8666","1479-828X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0004-8666"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1479-828X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}