{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:27:19Z","timestamp":1753878439373,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Australian J Rural Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiopulmonary rehabilitation participation rates in regional Australia remain poor, with outcomes further worsened by the limited number of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation professionals in these settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study investigated the role of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation in improving physical and mental health outcomes of participants with heart or lung diseases in a regional NSW centre.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective study of adults who attended a 1\u2010h session per week cardiac or pulmonary rehabilitation programme at Bathurst Hospital between January 2021 and December 2023.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pre\u2010 and post\u2010rehabilitation assessments were conducted, which included heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, waist circumference, rating of perceived exertion, 5\u2010sit\u2010to\u2010stand test (5\u2010STS), 6\u2010min walk test (6MWT), and the patient health questionnaire\u20109 for assessment of depression\u00a0(PHQ\u20109 score \u2265\u200910\u2009=\u2009major depression).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data for eligible participants (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009186, mostly males 57.5%), aged 69\u2009\u00b1\u200912\u2009years, were analysed. There were statistically significant improvements (pre vs. post) in mean PHQ\u20109 scores (6.3 vs. 4.2, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), 5\u2010STS (15.8 vs. 12.5\u2009s, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), 6MWT (328.6 vs. 377.9\u2009m, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and waist circumference (104.7 vs. 103.9\u2009cm, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.03) post\u2010rehabilitation. Compared with pre\u2010rehabilitation measures, the overall proportion with major depression was significantly lower by 50% (25.3% vs. 12.4%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) post\u2010rehabilitation. This decrease was significant for the cardiac (11.6% decrease) and pulmonary (15.4% decrease) rehabilitation participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite the limiting structure of one session per week for the cardiopulmonary rehabilitation programme at this regional centre, participants showed significant improvements in their mental and physical health at the end of the programme. Funding such organic programmes will yield a greater positive impact on the health of people in this region.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajr.70033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]],"date-time":"2025-03-25T12:44:10Z","timestamp":1742906650000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Changes in Mental and Physical Health Outcomes Following One Day a Week Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation in Regional New South Wales"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5787-8824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nnamdi","family":"Mgbemena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Physiotherapy Charles Sturt University, Orange  New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation Unit Bathurst Health Service, Bathurst  New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uchechukwu Levi","family":"Osuagwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bathurst Rural Clinical School (BRCS), School of Medicine Western Sydney University  Bathurst NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","article-title":"Cardiac rehabilitation","volume":"351","author":"Hasnain M. D.","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ\u2009[British Medical Journal]"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13025"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","unstructured":"Lung Foundation Australia \u201cPulmonary Rehabilitation Toolkit 2023 \u201daccessed March 25 2024 https:\/\/lungfoundation.com.au\/health\u2010professionals\/clinical\u2010information\/pulmonary\u2010rehabilitation\/pr\u2010toolkit\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","unstructured":"Heart Foundation \u201cCardiac Rehabilitation. Supporting Your Recovery 2020 \u201daccessed March 25 2024 https:\/\/assets.contentstack.io\/v3\/assets\/blt8a393bb3b76c0ede\/blta676a981e19696d6\/659cb867bb2e10cf2c012952\/Cardiac\u2010Rehab_Brochure_2020.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-021-00611-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare \u201cTreatment Pathways for People Hospitalised for Acute Coronary Syndrome Australia \u201d2024 accessed March 27 2024 https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/heart\u2010stroke\u2010vascular\u2010diseases\/treatment\u2010pathways\u2010for\u2010people\u2010hospitalised\u2010for\u2010acu\/contents\/background."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","unstructured":"Heart Foundation \u201cAcute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) Clinical Guidelines \u201d2024accessed January 21 2025 https:\/\/www.heartfoundation.org.au\/for\u2010professionals\/fp\u2010acs\u2010guidelines."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2024.101328"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.08.007"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cardiac Rehabilitation Services for People in Rural and Remote Areas: An Integrative Literature Review","volume":"18","author":"Field P. E.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rural and Remote Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare \u201cChronic Respiratory Conditions \u201d2024 accessed January 21 2025 https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/chronic\u2010respiratory\u2010conditions\/chronic\u2010respiratory\u2010conditions\/contents\/about."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15412555.2014.922066"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00270-2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12128"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4104\/pcrj.2013.00062"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-046875"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/AH14009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization \u201cChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease \u201d2023accessed March 27 2024 https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\u2010room\/fact\u2010sheets\/detail\/chronic\u2010obstructive\u2010pulmonary\u2010disease\u2010(copd)."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization \u201cCardiovascular Diseases \u201d2021accessed March 27 2024 https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\u2010room\/fact\u2010sheets\/detail\/cardiovascular\u2010diseases\u2010(cvds)."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","unstructured":"Heart Foundation \u201cA Pathway to Cardiac Recovery Standardised Program Content for Phase II Cardiac Rehabilitation \u201d2019accessed March 27 2024 https:\/\/www.heartfoundation.org.au\/for\u2010professionals\/cardiac\u2010rehabilitation."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0310-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0263683"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurpra.2022.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","unstructured":"Heart Foundation \u201cDepression in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease. A Practical Tool for Screening Your Patients Australia \u201d2013accessed March 27 2024 https:\/\/assets.contentstack.io\/v3\/assets\/blt8a393bb3b76c0ede\/blt2889cbeb7f3fae28\/65b073c77a1dd75d3ce156cb\/01_Depression\u2010screening\u2010support\u2010tool.PDF."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/20734735.021114"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2014.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4097\/kjae.2017.70.2.144"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2019.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001504-200503000-00013"},{"volume-title":"Improving Depression in COPD Patients Through Home\u2010Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation With Health Coaching","year":"2023","author":"Roy M.","key":"e_1_2_13_32_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smhs.2023.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahjo.2022.100100"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/973549"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1807-59322011000900008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13385"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01823246-201324010-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.08452"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20090158"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/IES-2010-0389"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2040-4603.2015.tb00653.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.743710"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-022-01907-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2014.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47197\/retos.v46.93066"}],"container-title":["Australian Journal of Rural Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ajr.70033","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T11:14:50Z","timestamp":1746011690000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ajr.70033"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ajr.70033"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajr.70033","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1038-5282","1440-1584"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1038-5282"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1440-1584"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70033"}}