{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T05:29:46Z","timestamp":1790573386984,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757462400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Australian J Rural Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the pattern and estimated direct economic burdens associated with unintentional deaths and injuries on Australian farms over the past 11\u2009years (2013\u20132023).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Descriptive retrospective epidemiological study of National Coronial Information System (NCIS) data for persons fatally injured on a farm and workers' compensation injuries data from the National Data Set.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Australia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All agricultural cases involving fatal injury events and those being injured accessing workers compensation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nature of fatal and injury events, with estimates on the economic costs associated with deaths and workers' compensation injury claims costs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There were 748 farm fatalities, with 544 (73%) being work\u2010related. From these, 513 (94%) of the cases occurred in males, with almost half (48%) in farmers aged 60\u2009years or older. The leading agents for fatalities were tractors (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009118), quad\u2010bikes (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009117) and farm utilities (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200952). Costs for all fatalities (work and non\u2010work), approached $1.8 billion in the 2013\u20102023 period (~$164 million per year). Work\u2010related fatalities accounted for $1.24 billion of this total, with an annual cost of approximately $112 million. There were around 5000 workers' compensation injury claims processed per year during 2013\u20132021, costing over $1.5 billion (~$190 million per year).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The costs for all on\u2010farm injury deaths and workers' compensation injury claims conjointly during the period of 2013\u20132023, includes a conservative annual estimate of $355 million per year. Of this sum, approximately $300 million involved work\u2010related incidents. Although there is a modest progression in reducing farm deaths and injuries, targeted and evidence\u2010based approaches are required to stimulate improvements in these preventable incidents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajr.70087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T11:59:21Z","timestamp":1757505561000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Farm Injury Deaths and Workers' Compensation Claims in Australia and Their Economic Costs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1900-5795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Mesa\u2010Castrillon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"AgHealth Australia, School of Rural Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerri\u2010Lynn","family":"Peachey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AgHealth Australia, School of Rural Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2243-6764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tony","family":"Lower","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AgHealth Australia, School of Rural Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","unstructured":"National Farmers Federation \u201c2030 Roadmap\u2014Australian Agriculture's Plan for a $100 Billion Industry \u201d (2018) NFF https:\/\/nff.org.au\/policies\/roadmap\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences \u201cSnapshot of Australian Agriculture 2025 \u201d (2025)ABARES https:\/\/www.agriculture.gov.au\/abares\/products\/insights\/snapshot\u2010of\u2010australian\u2010agriculture."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","unstructured":"Australian Pork Limited \u201cAustralian Pork Sustainability Framework \u201d (2021) https:\/\/australianpork.com.au\/search\u2010news\/australian\u2010pork\u2010launch\u2010sustainability\u2010framework."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","unstructured":"Cotton Research and Development Corporation \u201cAustralian Cotton Sustainability Framework\u2014Planet People Paddock \u201d (2021) https:\/\/cottonaustralia.com.au\/sustainability\u2010reports."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","unstructured":"National Farmers Federation \u201cAustralian Agricultural Sustainability Framework \u201d (2025) https:\/\/aasf.org.au\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajr.12906"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","unstructured":"Safe Work Australia \u201cDashboards by Industry \u201d (2025) SWA https:\/\/data.safeworkaustralia.gov.au\/interactive\u2010data\/industry."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","unstructured":"Safe Work Australia \u201cKey Work Health and Safety Statistics Australia 2024 \u201d (2024) SWA https:\/\/data.safeworkaustralia.gov.au\/insights\/key\u2010whs\u2010statistics\u2010australia\/latest\u2010release."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","unstructured":"Safe Work Australia \u201cWork\u2010related traumatic injury fatalities database \u201d (2025) SWA https:\/\/www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au\/data\u2010and\u2010research\/work\u2010related\u2010fatalities\/work\u2010related\u2010traumatic\u2010injury\u2010fatalities\u2010database."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1059924X.2017.1282907"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","unstructured":"Safe Work Australia \u201cThe Cost of Work\u2010related Injury and Illness for Australian Employers Workers and the Community: 2012\u201313c \u201d (2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","unstructured":"K.Pollock \u201cThe economic cost of farm\u2010related fatalities and the perceptions and management of health and safety on Australian farms. 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