{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T02:37:24Z","timestamp":1791859044108,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1144,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["amjtransplant.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.15398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]],"date-time":"2019-04-23T05:46:36Z","timestamp":1555998396000},"page":"2944-2948","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["Evidence of a clinically significant drug-drug interaction between cannabidiol and tacrolimus"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4310-4697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abbie D.","family":"Leino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8933-0254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chie","family":"Emoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0477-3102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Fukuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Privitera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4224-2967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander A.","family":"Vinks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4835-9197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita R.","family":"Alloway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1177\/2045125312457586","article-title":"Cannabis, a complex plant: different compounds and different effects on individuals","volume":"2","author":"Atakan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Therap Adv Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib2","unstructured":"Greenwich Biosciences I. Epidiolex (cannabidiol) [prescribing information]. Carlsbad, CA; 2018."},{"issue":"5-6","key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2011.05.018","article-title":"Identification of cytochrome P450 enzymes responsible for metabolism of cannabidiol by human liver microsomes","volume":"89","author":"Jiang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"issue":"15-16","key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2011.02.017","article-title":"Potent inhibition of human cytochrome P450 3A isoforms by cannabidiol: role of phenolic hydroxyl groups in the resorcinol moiety","volume":"88","author":"Yamaori","year":"2011","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(93)90286-6","article-title":"Characterization of cannabidiol-mediated cytochrome P450 inactivation","volume":"45","author":"Bornheim","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13060","article-title":"Drug-drug interaction between clobazam and cannabidiol in children with refractory epilepsy","volume":"56","author":"Geffrey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epilepsia."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3109\/03602532.2016.1151037","article-title":"Clinical determinants of calcineurin inhibitor disposition: a mechanistic review","volume":"48","author":"Vanhove","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Metab Rev."},{"key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13456","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.13456","article-title":"Marijuana use in transplantation: a call for clarity","volume":"33","author":"Levi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Transplant."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.3109\/03602532.2013.849268","article-title":"Exogenous cannabinoids as substrates, inhibitors, and inducers of human drug metabolizing enzymes: a systematic review","volume":"46","author":"Stout","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Metab Rev."},{"key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib10","unstructured":"Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. Clinical Drug Interaction Studies- Study Design, Data Analysis, and Clinical Implications Guidance for Industry. 2017. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/downloads\/Drugs\/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation\/Guidances\/UCM292362.pdf. Accessed January 14, 2019."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.3109\/00498259609046707","article-title":"Inhibition of cyclosporine and tetrahydrocannabinol metabolism by cannabidiol in mouse and human microsomes","volume":"26","author":"Jaeger","year":"1996","journal-title":"Xenobiotica."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.31.9.1108","article-title":"Multisite kinetic analysis of interactions between prototypical CYP3A4 subgroup substrates: midazolam, testosterone, and nifedipine","volume":"31","author":"Galetin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.2133\/dmpk.18.128","article-title":"Substrate dependent inhibition profiles of fourteen drugs on CYP3A4 activity measured by a high throughput LCMS\/MS method with four probe drugs, midazolam, testosterone, nifedipine and terfenadine","volume":"18","author":"Racha","year":"2003","journal-title":"Drug Metab Pharmacokinet."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.105.098541","article-title":"Characterization of P-glycoprotein inhibition by major cannabinoids from marijuana","volume":"317","author":"Zhu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther."},{"key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib15","first-page":"4028492","article-title":"High on cannabis and calcineurin inhibitors: A word of warning in an era of legalized marijuana","volume":"2016","author":"Hauser","year":"2016","journal-title":"Case Rep Transplant."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200203080-00005","article-title":"The effects of cannabinoids on the pharmacokinetics of indinavir and nelfinavir","volume":"16","author":"Kosel","year":"2002","journal-title":"AIDS."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(94)90236-4","article-title":"Induction and genetic regulation of mouse hepatic cytochrome P450 by cannabidiol","volume":"48","author":"Bornheim","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.11909","article-title":"Labeling accuracy of cannabidiol extracts sold online","volume":"318","author":"Bonn-Miller","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trre.2015.01.002","article-title":"Intra-patient variability in tacrolimus exposure: causes, consequences for clinical management","volume":"29","author":"Shuker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transpl Rev (Orlando, Fla)."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2017.12.042","article-title":"Chronic pain treatment with cannabidiol in kidney transplant patients in Uruguay","volume":"50","author":"Cunetti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transpl Proc."},{"key":"10.1111\/ajt.15398_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.01365","article-title":"A systematic review on the pharmacokinetics of cannabidiol in humans","volume":"9","author":"Millar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol."}],"container-title":["American Journal of Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fajt.15398","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ajt.15398","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ajt.15398","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1600613522092796?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1600613522092796?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ajt.15398","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T05:24:16Z","timestamp":1761629056000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1600613522092796"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1600613522092796"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajt.15398","relation":{},"ISSN":["1600-6135"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1600-6135","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evidence of a clinically significant drug-drug interaction between cannabidiol and tacrolimus","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Transplantation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajt.15398","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2019 American Society of Transplantation & American Society of Transplant Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}