{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T03:40:16Z","timestamp":1778211616768,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,21]],"date-time":"2014-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1390262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic inflammatory airway disorders have been reported to be associated with vascular diseases of the heart and central nervous system, but their association with peripheral arterial disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>), a high\u2010prevalence vascular illness, has not been investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the association of asthma and rhinitis with intermittent claudication, which is a typical symptom of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The data were collected in the gene\u2013environment interaction in respiratory disease survey, a population\u2010based, multicase\u2013control study. Participants underwent a standardized interview, skin prick tests and pulmonary function tests. The associations between respiratory diseases and intermittent claudication (i.e. pain in the leg during walking that disappears within 10\u00a0min when standing still) were estimated through relative risk ratios (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RRR<\/jats:styled-content>) by multinomial logistic regression models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>1174 subjects (aged 20\u201364\u00a0years, of which 52% were females) underwent clinical examinations and were classified into four groups: asthma only (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a081), asthma\u2013rhinitis overlap (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0292), rhinitis only (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0299) and controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0345). The prevalence of intermittent claudication in these groups was, respectively, 2.5%, 3.4%, 6.4% and 2.3%. After adjusting for smoking habits and a wide range of established and potential vascular risk factors, rhinitis without asthma was associated with intermittent claudication (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RRR<\/jats:styled-content>:4.63, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>:1.72\u201312.5), whereas no significant association was found with asthma alone (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RRR<\/jats:styled-content>:1.45, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>:0.27\u20137.76) or asthma\u2013rhinitis overlap (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RRR<\/jats:styled-content>:2.89, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>:0.91\u20139.18). Atopy did not modify the observed association between intermittent claudication and rhinitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest that rhinitis is associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>, a predictor of future cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events, independently of the presence of atopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,21]],"date-time":"2014-01-21T16:54:31Z","timestamp":1390323271000},"page":"472-478","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Rhinitis is associated with a greater risk of intermittent claudication in adults"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Respiratory Medicine Department of Medicine University of Verona Verona Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Pesce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Department of Public Health and Community Medicine University of Verona Verona Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Marcon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Department of Public Health and Community Medicine University of Verona Verona Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Vallerio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Internal Medicine Department of Medicine University of Verona Verona Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. 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