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It is the only immune\u2010modifying and causal treatment available for patients suffering from\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      g\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010mediated diseases such as allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, allergic asthma and insect sting allergy. However, there is a high degree of clinical and methodological heterogeneity among the endpoints in clinical studies on\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , for both subcutaneous and sublingual immunotherapy (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ). At present, there are no commonly accepted standards for defining the optimal outcome parameters to be used for both primary and secondary endpoints.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      As elaborated by a Task Force (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EAACI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) Immunotherapy Interest Group, this Position Paper evaluates the currently used outcome parameters in different\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s and also aims to provide recommendations for the optimal endpoints in future AIT trials for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Based on a thorough literature review, the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      members have outlined recommendations for nine domains of clinical outcome measures. As the primary outcome, the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      recommends a homogeneous combined symptom and medication score (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) as a simple and standardized method that balances both symptoms and the need for antiallergic medication in an equally weighted manner. All outcomes, grouped into nine domains, are reviewed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A standardized and globally harmonized method for analysing the clinical efficacy of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      products in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s is required. The\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EAACI TF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      highlights the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      as the primary endpoint for future\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,25]],"date-time":"2014-04-25T03:22:21Z","timestamp":1398396141000},"page":"854-867","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":440,"title":["Recommendations for the standardization of clinical outcomes used in allergen immunotherapy trials for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: an\n                    <scp>EAACI<\/scp>\n                    Position Paper"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"O.","family":"Pfaar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Rhinology and Allergology Wiesbaden Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital Mannheim Mannheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Demoly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Pneumologie et Addictologie H\u00f4pital Arnaud de Villeneuve University Hospital of Montpellier Montpellier France"},{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9s UPMC Paris 06, UMR\u2010S 1136, IPLESP Equipe EPAR Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Gerth van Wijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Allergology Department of Internal Medicine Erasmus MC Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Bonini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second University of Naples and Institute of Translational Pharmacology Italian National Research Council (IFT\u2010CNR) Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Bousquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Pneumologie et Addictologie H\u00f4pital Arnaud de Villeneuve University Hospital of Montpellier Montpellier France"},{"name":"1018, Respiratory and Environmental Epidemiology Team INSERM CESP Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health Villejuif France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. 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