{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T17:48:15Z","timestamp":1791049695225,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,4]],"date-time":"2014-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1407110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["86718\/Z\/08\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["86718\/Z\/08\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Associations between vitamin D status and childhood asthma are increasingly reported, but direct causation and mechanisms underlying an effect remain unknown. We investigated the effect of early\u2010life vitamin D deficiency on the development of murine neonatal allergic airways disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AAD<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>In utero<\/jats:italic> and early\u2010life vitamin D deficiency was achieved using a vitamin D\u2010deficient diet for female mice during the third trimester of pregnancy and lactation. Offspring were weaned onto a vitamin D\u2010deficient or vitamin D\u2010replete diet, and exposure to intranasal house dust mite (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HDM<\/jats:styled-content>) or saline was commenced from day 3 of life for up to 6\u00a0weeks, when airway hyper\u2010responsiveness (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHR<\/jats:styled-content>), airway inflammation and remodelling were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neonatal mice that had <jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic> and early\u2010life vitamin D deficiency had significantly increased pulmonary <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T1<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells and reduced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells. This effect was enhanced following <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HDM<\/jats:styled-content> exposure. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHR<\/jats:styled-content> in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HDM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010exposed mice was unaffected by vitamin D status. Introduction of vitamin D into the diet at weaning resulted in a significant reduction in serum IgE levels, reduced pulmonary eosinophilia and peri\u2010bronchiolar collagen deposition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Peri\u2010natal vitamin D deficiency alone has immunomodulatory effects including Th2 skewing and reduced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010\u2010secreting T regulatory cells, exaggerated with additional allergen exposure. Vitamin D deficiency in early life does not affect <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHR<\/jats:styled-content>, but contributes to disease severity with worse eosinophilic inflammation and airway remodelling. Importantly, supplementation with vitamin D improves both of these pathological abnormalities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12465","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,19]],"date-time":"2014-06-19T07:08:38Z","timestamp":1403161718000},"page":"1380-1389","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Vitamin <scp>D<\/scp> deficiency induces <scp>T<\/scp>h2 skewing and eosinophilia in neonatal allergic airways disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"J. 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