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Moreover, the association between viral reactivations and cytokine or chemokine changes is largely unknown. We aimed to evaluate the viral reactivation rates of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20107, Epstein\u2013Barr virus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EBV<\/jats:styled-content>), and cytomegalovirus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMV<\/jats:styled-content>) in different <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">cADR<\/jats:styled-content>s and their impacts on clinical prognosis. Cytokine and chemokine changes with viral reactivations were also examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective study was conducted to monitor the viral statuses of patients with different <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">cADR<\/jats:styled-content>s by polymerase chain reaction and serum\u2010specific antibody titers. Changes in plasma cytokine and chemokine levels were also evaluated by sequential blood samples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among the various <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">cADR<\/jats:styled-content>s, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 reactivation was only observed in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRESS<\/jats:styled-content>, but <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EBV<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMV<\/jats:styled-content> could be detected in other <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">cADR<\/jats:styled-content>s. Many proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including interleukin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>)\u20101\u03b2, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106, interferon\u2010\u03b3, tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1, were significantly lower in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRESS<\/jats:styled-content> patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 reactivation when compared to those without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 reactivation. In addition, these mediators were significantly lower before and during <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 reactivation, compared to cytokine levels after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 reactivation in the same patient.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 reactivation was only observed in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRESS<\/jats:styled-content> patients, not in any other <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">cADR<\/jats:styled-content>. In <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRESS<\/jats:styled-content> patients, some proinflammatory cytokines were significantly lower before or during <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 reactivation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,27]],"date-time":"2015-02-27T10:53:21Z","timestamp":1425034401000},"page":"568-575","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Human herpes virus reactivations and dynamic cytokine profiles in patients with cutaneous adverse drug reactions\u00a0\u2013 a prospective comparative study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Y.\u2010C.","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Cathay General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei 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