{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T10:13:39Z","timestamp":1761560019963,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,23]],"date-time":"2015-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1450828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["60A07\u20104701\/13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["60A07\u20104701\/13"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VKC<\/jats:styled-content>) is a severe ocular allergy with pathogenic mechanism poorly understood and no efficacious treatment. The aims of the study were to determine quantities and distribution of Hsp chaperones in the conjunctiva of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VKC<\/jats:styled-content> patients and assess their levels in conjunctival epithelial and fibroblast cultures exposed to inflammatory stimuli.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hsp10, Hsp27, Hsp40, Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsp90, Hsp105, and Hsp110 were determined in conjunctiva biopsies from nine patients and nine healthy age\u2010matched normal subjects, using immunomorphology and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">qPCR<\/jats:styled-content>. Conjunctival epithelial cells and fibroblasts were cultured and stimulated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2, histamine, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1, or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B irradiation, and changes in Hsp levels were determined by Western blotting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hsp27, Hsp40, Hsp70, and Hsp90 levels increased in the patients' conjunctiva, whereas Hsp10, Hsp60, Hsp100, and Hsp105 did not. Double immunofluorescence demonstrated colocalization of Hsp27, Hsp40, Hsp70, and Hsp90 with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>68 and tryptase. Testing of cultured conjunctival cells revealed an increase in the levels of Hsp27 in fibroblasts stimulated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104; Hsp40 in epithelial cells stimulated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1 and in fibroblasts stimulated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2; Hsp70 in epithelial cells stimulated with histamine and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104; and Hsp90 in fibroblasts stimulated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B did not induce changes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VKC<\/jats:styled-content> conjunctiva displays distinctive quantitative patterns of Hsps as compared with healthy controls. Cultured conjunctival cells respond to cytokines and inflammatory stimuli with changes in the Hsps quantitative patterns. The data suggest that interaction between the chaperoning and the immune systems drives disease progression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,27]],"date-time":"2015-11-27T13:58:46Z","timestamp":1448632726000},"page":"403-411","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Chaperone patterns in vernal keratoconjunctivitis are distinctive of cell and Hsp type and are modified by inflammatory stimuli"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Leonardi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience Ophthalmology Unit University of Padua Padua Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Tarricone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience Ophthalmology Unit University of Padua Padua Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Corrao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine University of Padua Padua Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Alaibac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience Dermatology Unit University of Padua Padua Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. 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