{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T18:16:16Z","timestamp":1792088176950,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,11]],"date-time":"2017-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1494460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004963","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004963","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (\n EAACI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) is developing Guidelines for Allergen Immunotherapy (\n AIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) for IgE\u2010mediated Food Allergy. To inform the development of clinical recommendations, we sought to critically assess evidence on the effectiveness, safety and cost\u2010effectiveness of\n AIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n in the management of food allergy.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n We undertook a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis that involved searching nine international electronic databases for randomized controlled trials (\n RCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n s) and nonrandomized studies (\n NRS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). Eligible studies were independently assessed by two reviewers against predefined eligibility criteria. The quality of studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for\n RCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n s and the Cochrane\n ACROBAT<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n NRS<\/jats:styled-content>\n tool for quasi\u2010\n RCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n s. Random\u2010effects meta\u2010analyses were undertaken, with planned subgroup and sensitivity analyses.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n We identified 1814 potentially relevant papers from which we selected 31 eligible studies, comprising of 25\n RCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n s and six\n NRS<\/jats:styled-content>\n , studying a total of 1259 patients. Twenty\u2010five trials evaluated oral immunotherapy (\n OIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), five studies investigated sublingual immunotherapy, and one study evaluated epicutaneous immunotherapy. The majority of these studies were in children. Twenty\u2010seven studies assessed desensitization, and eight studies investigated sustained unresponsiveness postdiscontinuation of\n AIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Meta\u2010analyses demonstrated a substantial benefit in terms of desensitization (risk ratio (\n RR<\/jats:styled-content>\n )\u00a0=\u00a00.16, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 0.10, 0.26) and suggested, but did not confirm sustained unresponsiveness (\n RR<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.29, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 0.08, 1.13). Only one study reported on disease\u2010specific quality of life (QoL), which reported no comparative results between\n OIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n and control group. Meta\u2010analyses revealed that the risk of experiencing a systemic adverse reaction was higher in those receiving\n AIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n , with a more marked increase in the risk of local adverse reactions. Sensitivity analysis excluding those studies judged to be at high risk of bias demonstrated the robustness of summary estimates of effectiveness and safety of\n AIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n for food allergy. None of the studies reported data on health economic analyses.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n AIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n may be effective in raising the threshold of reactivity to a range of foods in children with IgE\u2010mediated food allergy whilst receiving (i.e. desensitization) and post\u2010discontinuation of\n AIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n . It is, however, associated with a modest increased risk in serious systemic adverse reactions and a substantial increase in minor local adverse reactions. More data are needed in relation to adults, long term effects, the impact on QoL and the cost\u2010effectiveness of\n AIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,6]],"date-time":"2017-01-06T02:26:50Z","timestamp":1483669610000},"page":"1133-1147","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":373,"title":["Allergen immunotherapy for IgE\u2010mediated food allergy: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"U.","family":"Nurmatov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Population Medicine Neuadd Meirionnydd School of Medicine Cardiff University Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2823-3258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Dhami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evidence\u2010Based Health Care Ltd Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Arasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Allergy Unit University of Messina Messina Italy"},{"name":"Molecular Allergology and Immunomodulation\u2010Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology Charit\u00e9 Medical University Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. 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