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The primary morbidity of anterior surface conjunctival disorders that include allergic conjunctivitis and tear film disorders is associated with its high frequency of involvement rather than its severity, although the more chronic forms can involve the cornea and lead to sight\u2010threatening conditions. Ocular allergy is associated with IgE\u2010mediated mast cell activation in conjunctival tissue leading to the release of preformed mediators including histamine and proteases and subsequent de novo formation of lipid\u2010derived mediators and cytokines that trigger a cascade of cellular and molecular events leading to extensive migration and infiltration of inflammatory cells to the ocular surface. The trafficking of neutrophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes to the ocular surface is due to establishing various chemokine gradients (mainly\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    11,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    24,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    5,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u20103, and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u20104), cell surface expression of adhesion molecules (such as\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VCAM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u20101 the ligand for\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u20104), and leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelium. The release of preformed mediators underlies the acute ocular surface response while the secondary influx of inflammatory cells leading to the recruitment and activation of eosinophils and the subsequent activation of Th2 and Th1 lymphocytes at the level of the conjunctiva reflects the late\u2010phase reaction.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]],"date-time":"2017-11-06T06:32:36Z","timestamp":1509949956000},"page":"528-539","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Clinical implications of mast cell involvement in allergic conjunctivitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3861-7634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Elieh Ali Komi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"},{"name":"Department of Immunology Tabriz University of Medical 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