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Poor asthma control is often driven by severe asthma biology, which has appropriately been the focus of intense research and phenotype\u2010driven therapies. However, it is increasingly apparent that extra\u2010pulmonary comorbidities also contribute substantially to poor asthma control and a heightened disease burden. These comorbidities have been proposed as \u201ctreatable traits\u201d in chronic airways disease, adding impetus to their evaluation and management in difficult asthma. In this review, eight major asthma\u2010related comorbidities are discussed: rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, gastroesophageal reflux, obstructive sleep apnoea, vocal cord dysfunction, obesity, dysfunctional breathing and anxiety\/depression. We describe the prevalence, impact and treatment effects of these comorbidities in the difficult asthma population, emphasizing gaps in the current literature. 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