{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T20:51:16Z","timestamp":1791406276216,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,17]],"date-time":"2018-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["310030_166473"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310030_166473"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SI\u20101281\/6\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SI\u20101281\/6\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Lesions of bullous pemphigoid (\n BP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), an autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease characterized by the presence of tissue\u2010bound and circulating autoantibodies to hemidesmosomal antigens, harbor a mixed inflammatory cellular infiltrate. In various models, neutrophils, eosinophils, mast cells, monocytes as well as B and T cells have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of\n BP<\/jats:styled-content>\n . However, their interactions with and effective role in blister formation remain uncertain. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of monocyte\/neutrophil interaction on blister formation in an ex vivo\n BP<\/jats:styled-content>\n model.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Skin cryosections were incubated with purified human neutrophils and monocytes, in the presence or absence of\n BP<\/jats:styled-content>\n autoantibodies. Production of reactive oxygen species (\n ROS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), degranulation, mediator release (neutrophil elastase [\n NE<\/jats:styled-content>\n ], myeloperoxidase [\n MPO<\/jats:styled-content>\n ], matrix metalloproteinase\u20109 [\n MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20109]), binding of Fc\u03b3 receptor (\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 16,\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 32,\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 64), and cell adhesion (\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 18,\n ICAM<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20101) was investigated using appropriate inhibitors. Dermal\u2010epidermal separation (\n DES<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) was assessed by light microscopy and quantified by Fiji software.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Monocytes and neutrophils synergistically interact resulting in a significantly higher\n DES<\/jats:styled-content>\n compared to either monocytes or neutrophils separately (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .0001). Monocyte\/neutrophil\u2010induced\n DES<\/jats:styled-content>\n was associated with increased\n ROS<\/jats:styled-content>\n production and was dependent on adhesion and Fc\u03b3\n RIII<\/jats:styled-content>\n binding. Upon stimulation by the granule\u2010poor fraction of monocyte supernatants, neutrophils increased their release of\n MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20109, thereby also\n DES<\/jats:styled-content>\n at the dermal\u2010epidermal junction of skin cryosections.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Our observations suggest that the interaction of cells, as shown here for monocytes and neutrophils, enhances mediator release resulting in an increased subepidermal blister formation. Thus, blocking intercellular cross talk promises a new therapeutic approach for blocking tissue damage in\n BP<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,8]],"date-time":"2017-12-08T21:36:53Z","timestamp":1512769013000},"page":"1119-1130","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Monocytes enhance neutrophil\u2010induced blister formation in an ex vivo model of bullous pemphigoid"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"de Graauw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Sitaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Medical Center Freiburg Freiburg Germany"},{"name":"BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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