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This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Th2 cytokines and MUC<\/jats:styled-content>5AC<\/jats:styled-content> or MUC<\/jats:styled-content>5B, and the mechanism of mucin over\u2010secretion in the type\u20102 inflammatory endotype of CRS<\/jats:styled-content>wNP<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Main Th\u2010cell cytokines, associated mediators, and mucins were determined in the homogenates of nasal polyp samples from 21 CRS<\/jats:styled-content>wNP<\/jats:styled-content> patients and inferior turbinate samples from 8 controls, by ELISA<\/jats:styled-content> or UniCAP<\/jats:styled-content> system. Secretion of MUC<\/jats:styled-content>5AC<\/jats:styled-content> and MUC<\/jats:styled-content>5B was measured in the supernatants of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104, or IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201013 primed nasal polyp fragments. Co\u2010localization of MUC<\/jats:styled-content>5AC<\/jats:styled-content>, MUC<\/jats:styled-content>5B, and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104 receptor \u03b1 (IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104R\u03b1) in CRS<\/jats:styled-content>wNP<\/jats:styled-content> and controls was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Gene expression of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104R\u03b1 in the samples was measured by real\u2010time reverse transcription\u2010polymerase chain reaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Baseline protein levels of the Th2\u2010cytokines IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105, and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201013, and mucins MUC<\/jats:styled-content>5AC<\/jats:styled-content> and MUC<\/jats:styled-content>5B were significantly higher in the IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105(+) CRS<\/jats:styled-content>wNP<\/jats:styled-content> group, compared to control and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105(\u2212) CRS<\/jats:styled-content>wNP<\/jats:styled-content> groups. MUC<\/jats:styled-content>5AC<\/jats:styled-content> and MUC<\/jats:styled-content>5B secretions were significantly increased in IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104\u2010 or IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201013\u2010primed, but not IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105\u2010primed fragments of nasal polyps. Immuno\u2010stained serial sections demonstrated that IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104R\u03b1 was widely expressed in the epithelium and submucosal glands in control and nasal polyp tissues. Gene expression of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104R\u03b1 was elevated in nasal polyp tissues, specifically in the IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105(+) CRS<\/jats:styled-content>wNP<\/jats:styled-content> group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>In type\u20102 inflammatory nasal polyps, characterized by the tissue expression of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105, MUC<\/jats:styled-content>5AC<\/jats:styled-content> and MUC<\/jats:styled-content>5B are overexpressed. Both IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104 and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201013 may upregulate mucin expression via IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104R\u03b1, which is also overexpressed in IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105(+) CRS<\/jats:styled-content>wNP<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,26]],"date-time":"2018-05-26T08:20:01Z","timestamp":1527322801000},"page":"131-140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Th2 cytokines orchestrate the secretion of MUC<\/scp>5AC<\/scp> and MUC<\/scp>5B in IL<\/scp>\u20105\u2010positive chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Y.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Yantai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Derycke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Upper Airways Research Laboratory Department of Oto\u2010Rhino\u2010Laryngology Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Holtappels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Upper Airways Research Laboratory Department of Oto\u2010Rhino\u2010Laryngology Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X. D.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0910-9884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4742-1665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Bachert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Upper Airways Research Laboratory Department of 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