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However, little is known about the specific cellular and molecular mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of nasal polyp development in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NERD<\/jats:styled-content> in particular, especially at baseline when cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitors are not present. The objectives of this study were to identify proteins involved in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NERD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We collected nasal polyp tissue from patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NERD<\/jats:styled-content> and from patients with aspirin\u2010tolerant chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRS<\/jats:styled-content>w<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NP<\/jats:styled-content>). Protein profiles were analyzed by 2\u2010dimensional electrophoresis and identified several proteins, including L\u2010plastin, as highly expressed. We examined L\u2010plastin and tissue factor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TF<\/jats:styled-content>) expression by immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analyses. To examine the role of L\u2010plastin in eosinophils, we knocked down L\u2010plastin expression in Eol\u20101 cells by using si<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> transfection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>L\u2010plastin protein levels in nasal polyp tissue were increased in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NERD<\/jats:styled-content> relative to those in patients with aspirin tolerant <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRS<\/jats:styled-content>w<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NP<\/jats:styled-content>. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that L\u2010plastin was dominantly expressed in eosinophils and L\u2010plastin and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TF<\/jats:styled-content> were co\u2010expressed in eosinophils in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NERD<\/jats:styled-content> nasal polyp tissue. Knockdown of L\u2010plastin in Eol\u20101 cells disrupted the cell surface distribution of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TF<\/jats:styled-content> by stimulation with granulocyte macrophage colony\u2010stimulating factor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased expression of L\u2010plastin by eosinophils may contribute to abnormal fibrin deposition through <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TF<\/jats:styled-content> translocation to the eosinophil cell surface in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NERD<\/jats:styled-content> nasal polyp tissue, which in turn may contribute to the pathogenesis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NERD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13677","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,27]],"date-time":"2018-11-27T06:31:22Z","timestamp":1543300282000},"page":"1307-1316","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Increased expression of L\u2010plastin in nasal polyp of patients with nonsteroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drug\u2010exacerbated respiratory disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0012-149X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tetsuji","family":"Takabayashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine University of Fukui Fukui 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