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Its anti\u2010inflammatory properties have been previously shown in innate and Th1\/Th17 predominant inflammatory models. To what extent the vagus nerve is of importance in Th2 inflammatory responses like food allergy is still unclear. In this study, we therefore aimed to investigate the effect of vagotomy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VGX<\/jats:styled-content>) and vagus nerve stimulation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VNS<\/jats:styled-content>), on the development and severity of experimental food allergy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Balb\/C mice were first sensitized with ovalbumin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OVA<\/jats:styled-content>) in the presence of alum. Prior to oral challenges with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OVA<\/jats:styled-content>, mice were subjected to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VGX<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VNS<\/jats:styled-content>. Disease severity was determined by assessing severity and onset of diarrhoea, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OVA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010specific antibody production, mast cell number and activity, inflammatory gene expression in duodenal tissue and lamina propria immune cells by flow cytometry analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>When compared to control mice, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VGX<\/jats:styled-content> did not significantly affect the development and severity of the disease in our model of food allergy. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VNS<\/jats:styled-content>, on the other hand, resulted in a significant amelioration of the different inflammatory parameters assessed. This effect was independent of \u03b17n<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content>hR and is possibly mediated through the dampening of mast cells and increased phagocytosis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OVA<\/jats:styled-content> by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CX<\/jats:styled-content>3<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content>1<jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup> macrophages.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results underscore the anti\u2010inflammatory properties of the vagus nerve and the potential of neuro\u2010immune interactions in the intestine. Further insight into the underlying mechanisms could ultimately lead to novel therapeutic approaches in the treatment of not only food allergy but also other immune\u2010mediated diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,21]],"date-time":"2019-03-21T19:37:10Z","timestamp":1553197030000},"page":"1748-1759","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Vagus nerve stimulation dampens intestinal inflammation in a murine model of experimental food allergy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5845-6911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Goele","family":"Bosmans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID) Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA) KU Leuven Leuven 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