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Complex cellular compositional changes and associated immunological pathways are partly resolved in humans; thus, the impact of nACD on human skin needs to be further elucidated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>To decipher involved immunological players and pathways, human skin biopsies were taken at 0, 2, 48, and 96\u00a0hours after nickel patch test in six nickel\u2010allergic patients. Gene expression profiles were analyzed via microarray.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Leukocyte deconvolution of nACD\u2010affected skin identified major leukocyte compositional changes at 48 and 96\u00a0hours, including natural killer (NK) cells, macrophage polarization, and T\u2010cell immunity. Gene set enrichment analysis mirrored cellular\u2010linked functional pathways enriched over time. NK cell infiltration and cytotoxic pathways were uniquely found in nACD\u2010affected skin compared to sodium lauryl sulfate\u2013induced irritant skin reactions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results highlight key immunological leukocyte subsets as well as associated pathways in nACD, providing insights into pathophysiology with the potential to unravel novel therapeutic targets.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,24]],"date-time":"2020-07-24T16:05:51Z","timestamp":1595606751000},"page":"804-815","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Integrative transcriptome analysis deciphers mechanisms of nickel contact 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