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We have previously demonstrated that exposure to house dust mite (HDM) reduced TLR\u20103\u2010induced IFN\u2010\u03b2\u00a0in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) from healthy donors. We hypothesize that HDM sensitization in different ways may be involved in both viral and bacterial resistance of HBECs in asthma. In this study, the role of HDM sensitization and effects of HDM exposure on viral stimulus\u2010challenged HBECs from asthmatic donors have been explored with regard to expression and release of molecules involved in anti\u2010viral and anti\u2010bacterial responses, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>HBECs from HDM\u2010sensitized (HDM+) and unsensitized (HDM\u2010) patients with asthma were used. HBECs were exposed to HDM or heat inactivated (hi)\u2010HDM (20\u00a0\u03bcg\/ml) for 24\u00a0h prior to stimulation with the viral infection mimic, Poly(I:C), for 3 or 24\u00a0h. Samples were analyzed with ELISA and RT\u2010qPCR for \u03b2\u2010defensin\u20102, IFN\u2010\u03b2, TSLP, and neutrophil\u2010recruiting mediators: IL\u20108 and TNF\u2010\u237a. NF\u03baB signaling proteins p105, p65, and I\u03baB\u2010\u237a were analyzed by Western blot.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Poly(I:C)\u2010induced IFN\u2010\u03b2 expression was reduced in HBECs from HDM\u00a0+\u00a0compared to HDM\u2010 patients (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.05). In vitro exposure of HBECs to HDM furthermore reduced anti\u2010microbial responses to Poly(I:C) including \u03b2\u2010defensin\u20102, IL\u20108, and TNF\u2010\u237a, along with reduced NF\u03baB activity. This was observed in HBECs from asthma patients sensitized to HDM, as well as in non\u2010sensitized patients. By contrast, Poly (I:C)\u2010induced release of TSLP, a driver of T2 inflammation, was not reduced with exposure to HDM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using HBECs challenged with viral infection mimic, Poly(I:C), we demonstrated that allergic sensitization to HDM was associated with impaired anti\u2010viral immunity and that HDM exposure reduced anti\u2010viral and anti\u2010bacterial defense molecules, but not TSLP, across non\u2010allergic as well as allergic asthma. These data suggest a role of HDM in the pathogenesis of asthma exacerbations evoked by viral infections including sequential viral\u2010bacterial and viral\u2010viral infections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]],"date-time":"2022-02-03T19:04:38Z","timestamp":1643915078000},"page":"2498-2508","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["House dust mite sensitization and exposure affects bronchial epithelial anti\u2010microbial response to viral stimuli in patients with asthma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Samuel","family":"Cerps","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medical Science BMC D12 Lund University  Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asger","family":"Sverrild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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