{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T19:28:49Z","timestamp":1786390129587,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718668800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016940","name":"National Peanut Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016940","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004856","name":"New York State Department of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006423","name":"Food Allergy Research and Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RE14333"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RE14333"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000317","name":"Action Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GN2251"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GN2251"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000317","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MC_G1001205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MC_G1001205"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/T032081\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/T032081\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/M008517\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/M008517\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000354","name":"Food Standards Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T07051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T07051"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000354","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Various biomarkers are used to define peanut allergy (PA). We aimed to observe changes in PA resolution and persistence over time comparing biomarkers in PA and peanut sensitised but tolerant (PS) children in a population\u2010based cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants were recruited from the EAT and EAT\u2010On studies, conducted across England and Wales, and were exclusively breastfeed babies recruited at 3\u2009months old and followed up until 7\u201312\u2009years old. Clinical characteristics, skin prick test (SPT), sIgE to peanut and peanut components and mast cell activation tests (MAT) were assessed at 12\u2009months, 36\u2009months and 7\u201312\u2009years. PA status was determined at the 7\u201312\u2009year time point.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The prevalence of PA was 2.1% at 7\u201312\u2009years. Between 3 and 7\u201312\u2009year, two children developed PA and one outgrew PA. PA children had larger SPT, higher peanut\u2010sIgE, Ara h 2\u2010sIgE and MAT (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001) compared to PS children from 12\u2009months onwards. SPT, peanut\u2010sIgE, Ara h 2\u2010sIgE and MAT between children with persistent PA, new PA, outgrown PA and PS were statistically significant from 12\u2009months onwards (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Those with persistent PA had SPT, peanut\u2010sIgE and Ara h 2\u2010sIgE that increased over time and MAT which was highest at 36\u2009months. New PA children had increased SPT and peanut\u2010sIgE from 36\u2009months to 7\u201312\u2009years, but MAT remained low. PS children had low biomarkers across time.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cohort, few children outgrow or develop new PA between 36\u2009months and 7\u201312\u2009years. Children with persistent PA have raised SPT, peanut\u2010sIgE, Ara h 2\u2010sIgE and MAT evident from infancy that consistently increase over time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.16193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T04:00:39Z","timestamp":1718683239000},"page":"2775-2786","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Biomarkers of peanut allergy in children over time"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"79","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7974-0068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ru\u2010Xin","family":"Foong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Du Toit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"van Ree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Immunology Amsterdam University Medical Centers  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry T.","family":"Bahnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immune Tolerance Network Benaroya Research Institute  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzana","family":"Radulovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo","family":"Craven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Kwok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zainab","family":"Jama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serge A.","family":"Versteeg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Immunology Amsterdam University Medical Centers  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen A.","family":"Brough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsty","family":"Logan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children's Health School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9272-2585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael R.","family":"Perkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Research Institute. 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