{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T07:19:34Z","timestamp":1789888774768,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003698","name":"Colorado Humanities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003698","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013310","name":"Knowles Teacher Initiative","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013310","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Skin allergies are among the most frequent types of allergies, where continuous investigation of the pathological immune mechanisms is required for a better understanding and a more effective treatment of the disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of interleukin (\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n )\u20105 vaccination on allergen\u2010specific\n IgE<\/jats:styled-content>\n antibodies as well as T cell cytokine modulation in skin allergy using a mouse model and a naturally occurring disease in horses.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Ovalbumin (\n OVA<\/jats:styled-content>\n )\u2010sensitized mice, as well as horses affected by equine insect bite hypersensitivity (\n IBH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) were administered an anti\u2010\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20105 vaccination, and allergen\u2010specific\n IgE<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n IgG<\/jats:styled-content>\n were quantified in the blood. Additionally,\n mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n and protein expression of T cell cytokines of in\u00a0vitro allergen re\u2010stimulated murine splenocytes and equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (\n PBMCs<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), as well as in\n IBH<\/jats:styled-content>\n lesional skin biopsies, were investigated using\n qPCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Clinical signs were recorded by ear swelling in mice.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Our data showed a significant decrease in allergen\u2010specific immunoglobulins (Igs) in\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20105\u2010vaccinated mice, as well as a reduction in allergen\u2010specific\n IgE<\/jats:styled-content>\n in horses. Furthermore, protein production of T cell cytokines\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20104 and\n IFN\u03b3<\/jats:styled-content>\n in mice, as well as\n mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n expression of\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20104,\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20105,\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201013, and\n IFN\u03b3<\/jats:styled-content>\n in lesional skin of the horses, was significantly decreased upon vaccination when compared to the placebo group. Furthermore, we demonstrated that\n CD4<\/jats:styled-content>\n +<\/jats:sup>\n cells in\n IBH<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010affected horses are highly enriched with the\n GATA3<\/jats:styled-content>\n transcription factor, responsible for\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20105\n mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n production and differentiation of Th2 cells. Additionally, increased\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20104\n mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n expression in\n IBH<\/jats:styled-content>\n horses was shown to be\n CD4<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2212<\/jats:sup>\n MHC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n II<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2212<\/jats:sup>\n cell dependent.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20105 vaccination significantly decreased allergen\u2010specific\n IgE<\/jats:styled-content>\n in both the murine skin allergy model and horses with naturally occurring allergic skin disease, as well as alleviated clinical signs of the diseases. We suggest that the\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20105 depletion may modulate the\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20104 levels originating from non\u2010T cell sources. This is the first study showing that an\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20105 vaccination leads to a decrease in allergen\u2010specific\n IgE<\/jats:styled-content>\n levels, potentially suggesting its use in prophylactic settings for high\u2010risk patients.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.70020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T09:38:29Z","timestamp":1755769109000},"page":"3377-3390","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Anti\u2010\n IL<\/scp>\n \u20105 Vaccination Dampens Allergen\u2010Specific\n IgE<\/scp>\n Levels and Modulates\n IL<\/scp>\n \u20104 and\n IL<\/scp>\n \u20105 Th2 Cytokines in Skin Allergy of Mice and Horses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6055-6818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fadi","family":"Jebbawi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Zurich Schlieren Switzerland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich Z\u00fcrich Switzerland"},{"name":"Evax AG Guntershausen Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Olomski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Zurich Schlieren Switzerland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich Z\u00fcrich Switzerland"},{"name":"Evax AG Guntershausen Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Inversini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Zurich Schlieren Switzerland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine 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