{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T19:48:07Z","timestamp":1792180087971,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760140800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The nasal microbiome is directly in contact with the external environment and may play a role in respiratory health. This study aimed to evaluate the association of the nasal microbiome with air pollutants, meteorological conditions, and respiratory health in adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We analyzed the nasal microbiome in 416 adolescents from the Project Viva cohort (mean age 13\u2009years and 52% female). We tested for the association of alpha diversity, nasotypes, and bacterial genera abundance with environmental exposures from the past 2\u2009days to the past year (PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      , NO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , O\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      , temperature, humidity, residential greenness) and respiratory outcomes (asthma, hay fever, wheezing, IgE, aeroallergen sensitization, FeNO, lung function) through regression models adjusted for confounders and corrected using a false discovery rate (FDR) &lt;\u20095%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Bacterial diversity was positively associated with hay fever and short\u2010term exposure to NO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , while it was negatively correlated with temperature (FDR\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Adolescents whose nasal microbiome was dominated by\n                      <jats:italic>Moraxella<\/jats:italic>\n                      were exposed in the past week to lower O\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      levels (ORs: 0.73\u20130.76) and higher temperature and humidity (ORs: 1.19\u20131.26).\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      dominance was positively associated with aeroallergen sensitization compared to\n                      <jats:italic>Propionibacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                      dominance (OR: 4.48, FDR\u2009=\u20090.03). Thirteen and eight bacterial genera abundance were associated with short\u2010to\u2010medium\u2010term exposures (PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      , NO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , temperature) and respiratory outcomes (hay fever, wheezing, IgE, FeNO, lung function) (FDR\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Corynebacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Pelomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Lactococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Lachnospiraceae (unclassified)<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>Faecalibacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                      abundance were associated with both environmental exposures and respiratory traits.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Nasal microbiome diversity was associated with hay fever, NO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , and temperature exposure. Multiple short\u2010to\u2010medium\u2010term environmental exposures and respiratory outcomes were associated with nasotypes and bacterial genera abundance in adolescents.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.70089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T10:09:26Z","timestamp":1760177366000},"page":"750-763","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Nasal Microbiome and Associations With Environmental Exposures and Respiratory Health"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7813-4381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Perez\u2010Garcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford University  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne K.","family":"Bozack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford University  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheryl L.","family":"Rifas\u2010Shiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine Harvard Medical School, and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanjiao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine UConn School of Medicine  Farmington Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8702-4925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanne","family":"Sordillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Medicine Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brent","family":"Coull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heike","family":"Luttmann\u2010Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Harvard T.H. 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