{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T21:40:06Z","timestamp":1792532406860,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760486400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Metal allergies are prime examples of delayed\u2010type hypersensitivity divided into two phases: in the sensitization phase, initial contact with an allergen leads to activation of skin\u2010resident cells and formation of metal\u2010reactive T cells. during elicitation, these T cells mount an immune response resulting in clinically apparent eczema within 72\u2009h after exposure. Two main mechanisms have been implicated in the initiation of metal hypersensitivity: direct or indirect activation of innate immune receptors such as Toll\u2010like receptor 4, and conditional innate immune activation via the NLRP3 inflammasome. Yet, the responsible cell type(s) mediating these responses are unknown. Moreover, it is unclear whether the elicitation phase is mainly dominated by infiltration of circulating metal\u2010responsive T cells or if tissue\u2010resident T cells contribute.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Here, we analyzed the relevance of different cell types in human nickel hypersensitivity by single\u2010cell\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      sequencing and immunofluorescence analysis of skin samples of nickel\u2010sensitized donors epicutaneously exposed to diluent and nickel for 8 or 72\u2009h.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results and Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Nickel specifically activated distinct populations of endothelial cells, suprabasal\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">keratinocytes<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , fibroblasts, and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>CCR7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      <jats:sup>\n                        <jats:italic>+<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:sup>\n                      dendritic cells, co\u2010expressing the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR4<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010interacting proteogylcan\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>DCN<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCR7<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ligand\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>CCL21<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      within 8\u2009h. Skin\u2010resident T cells were not involved in the early hypersensitivity response, as their gene expression remained unaltered 8\u2009h after nickel exposure. However, substantial changes in the cutaneous T cell compartments occurred after 72\u2009h, with massive infiltration of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KLF2<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      central memory T cells being a recurrent feature of both nickel\u2010sensitized patients and individuals allergic to the glucocorticoid contact allergen budesonide.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.70108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T19:41:05Z","timestamp":1760557265000},"page":"1138-1148","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Single Cell Analysis Reveals Dynamic Changes of Distinct Cell Populations in Human Nickel Allergy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8643-1615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg  W\u00fcrzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Knorz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg  W\u00fcrzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Meder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg  W\u00fcrzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Goller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg  W\u00fcrzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabian","family":"Imdahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Single Cell Center W\u00fcrzburg Helmholtz Institute for RNA\u2010Based Infection Research (HIRI)  W\u00fcrzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yamila","family":"Rocca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg  W\u00fcrzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Goebeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg  W\u00fcrzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Khoueiry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Single Cell Center W\u00fcrzburg Helmholtz Institute for RNA\u2010Based Infection Research (HIRI)  W\u00fcrzburg 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