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While corticosteroids remain a cornerstone of treatment, their side effects highlight the need for additional therapeutic strategies. Environmental exposures such as traditional farm dust have been linked to protection against asthma and allergies. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of farm dust extract (FDE) in a murine model of allergic asthma when administered after sensitization and during allergen challenge, mimicking a secondary prevention or early interventional treatment approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used an ovalbumin (OVA)\u2010induced asthma model to evaluate FDE effects on airway eosinophilia, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), mucus production, and IgE levels. Mechanistic studies assessed regulatory T cells (Tregs), dendritic cell phenotype, epithelial barrier integrity, and cytokine signaling. Complementary experiments were performed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from asthmatic donors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      FDE significantly reduced airway inflammation and AHR, with secondary prevention effects comparable to systemic dexamethasone. FDE enhanced Treg frequency and CTLA\u20104 expression, modulated dendritic cell MHC\u2010II and PD\u2010L1 expression, and promoted an immunoregulatory environment. It also restored epithelial barrier integrity and increased IL\u201033 release, supporting Treg activation. In asthmatic PBMCs, FDE increased Tregs, reduced Th2 cells, and suppressed\n                      <jats:italic>CIITA<\/jats:italic>\n                      , suggesting similar immune\u2010regulatory effects. Interactions among IL\u201033, amphiregulin (AREG), and Tregs highlighted a mechanism reinforcing immune\u2010epithelial homeostasis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FDE administered after sensitization and during allergen challenge mitigated key asthma features in mice and showed translational potential in human cells, supporting its development as a novel, environmentally derived immunomodulatory strategy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.70121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T10:35:54Z","timestamp":1761129354000},"page":"1173-1192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Therapeutic Potential of Farm Dust Extracts in a Mouse Model of Eosinophilic 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