{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T18:31:46Z","timestamp":1786559506415,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) are at increased risk for skin infections, including eczema herpeticum (EH), a severe condition caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV\u20101). While AD skin is often colonized by\n \n Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n \n S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n ), its role in EH susceptibility remains unclear. Here we aim to investigate differences in the skin microbiome of AD patients with (ADEH\n +<\/jats:sup>\n ) and without (ADEH\n \u2212<\/jats:sup>\n ) EH and examine the impact of\n \n S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n \n S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n on HSV\u20101 infection in an in\u00a0vitro keratinocyte model.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n 16S microbiome sequencing was performed on skin samples from ADEH\n +<\/jats:sup>\n , ADEH\n \u2212<\/jats:sup>\n , and healthy controls. To investigate microbial effects on HSV\u20101 infection, keratinocytes were pre\u2010incubated with heat\u2010killed\n \n S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n (HKSA) or\n \n S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n (HKSE), followed by HSV\u20101 infection in the presence or absence of the Th2 cytokines IL\u20104 and IL\u201013, simulating the conditions of AD lesional skin. Infection rates and transcriptomic changes were analyzed.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n ADEH\n +<\/jats:sup>\n patients showed a reduced microbial diversity compared to ADEH\n \u2212<\/jats:sup>\n , with increased\n \n S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n \n S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n colonization. HKSA, but not HKSE, protected keratinocytes from HSV\u20101 infection and reduced the release of infectious progeny virus. Transcriptome analysis of keratinocytes revealed HKSA\u2010induced upregulation of interferon pathways and antimicrobial peptides, and downregulation of HSV\u20101 entry factors.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Pre\u2010incubation with\n \n S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n set basal keratinocytes into an alarmed state, restricting HSV\u20101 infection presumably via downregulation of receptors important for viral entry and activation of antiviral pathways.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.70392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T09:16:02Z","timestamp":1779268562000},"page":"2843-2857","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Keratinocyte Priming by\n Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n Reduces\n HSV<\/scp>\n \u20101 Susceptibility"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1909-1865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phila Cara","family":"Baumann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7920-3879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Pospich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8222-3085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katinka","family":"D\u00f6hner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4754-3576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilona","family":"Klug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julio Cesar Villalvazo","family":"Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Hannover\u2010Braunschweig Site Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy University Hospital Schleswig\u2010Holstein Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inken","family":"Harder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy University Hospital Schleswig\u2010Holstein Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Lieb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology Kiel University Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5254-6411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Kind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Evidence\u2010Based Health Care (ZEGV), Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus TU Dresden Dresden Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Kleinheinz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinics for Dermatology Elbe Klinikum Buxtehude Buxtehude Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7457-6481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susanne","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Evidence\u2010Based Health Care (ZEGV), Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus TU Dresden Dresden Germany"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, University Allergy Center TU Dresden Dresden Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4026-8728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Augustin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology Hamburg University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7016-0224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elke","family":"Weisshaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Dermatology, Department of Dermatology Ruprecht\u2010Karls University Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0264-0960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jochen","family":"Schmitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Evidence\u2010Based Health Care (ZEGV), Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus TU Dresden Dresden Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3944-252X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephan","family":"Weidinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology Kiel University Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4650-3036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beate","family":"Sodeik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Hannover\u2010Braunschweig Site Hannover Germany"},{"name":"Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155) Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Werfel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"},{"name":"Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155) Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6651-0458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lennart M.","family":"Roesner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"},{"name":"Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155) Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4806-599X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephan","family":"Traidl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"},{"name":"Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155) Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"The TREATgermany Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31286-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology","author":"Traidl S.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ALL.14853"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/DDG.15205"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aal4651"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2021.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.191320.115"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/DDG.14709"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2019.11.5.593"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/JDV.16078"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/ALX02262E"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.20042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ALL.15742"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","volume-title":"RStudio: Integrated Development Environment for R","author":"Posit Team","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061217"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.Oksanen G. L.Simpson F. G.Blanchet et\u00a0al. \u201cCommunity Ecology Package [R Package Vegan Version 2.6\u201310] \u201d(2025 CRAN: Contributed Packages) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32614\/CRAN.PACKAGE.VEGAN.","DOI":"10.32614\/CRAN.package.vegan"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022\u2010202X.2005.23715.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1974.tb06447.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579\u2010020\u201000448\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02917\u201014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01582\u201016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0025252"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v14102156"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.43.27072"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.44.28008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.8.5185"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0092\u20108674(00)80058\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00296\u201006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2022.1043713"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29865"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29942"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0000000000000553"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.12.8658"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01415\u201015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.8.5212\u20105216.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.123"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2019.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2021.10.01"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666X.2017.1298443"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2004.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.001969"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00127"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21775\/cimb.041.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2017.09.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JID.2019.09.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ALL.14992"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1365\u20102133.2010.09892.X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.12.1345"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11040422"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.09.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00262\u201023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2013.503"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010023\u201028822\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JDERMSCI.2025.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JAAD.2019.10.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.06.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JACI.2024.03.032"}],"container-title":["Allergy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/all.70392","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/all.70392","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/all.70392","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T18:06:33Z","timestamp":1786557993000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/all.70392"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/all.70392"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/all.70392","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0105-4538","1398-9995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0105-4538","type":"print"},{"value":"1398-9995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}