{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T07:54:49Z","timestamp":1790668489894,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sensitisation to\n                      <jats:italic>Alternaria<\/jats:italic>\n                      is clinically important in asthma and rhinitis, but its life\u2010course patterns and optimal diagnostic markers are unclear. We aimed to characterise\n                      <jats:italic>Alternaria<\/jats:italic>\n                      sensitisation trajectories from childhood to adulthood; we compared skin prick testing (SPT), whole\u2010extract specific IgE and rAlt a 1, and assessed their longitudinal association with asthma and rhinitis in the Isle of Wight birth cohort.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants were assessed at 4, 10, 18 and 26\u2009years.\n                      <jats:italic>Alternaria<\/jats:italic>\n                      sensitisation was measured by SPT (all ages) and serum IgE to whole\n                      <jats:italic>Alternaria<\/jats:italic>\n                      extract and rAlt a 1 (10, 18, 26\u2009years). \u201cAny Alternaria\u201d denoted positivity to any assay. Alternaria, asthma and rhinitis trajectories (10\u201318\u201326\u2009years) were classified as Never, Any positive or Persistent. Associations used \u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      trend tests and Poisson regression with robust errors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 434 participants with complete\n                      <jats:italic>Alternaria<\/jats:italic>\n                      data, trajectories were Never 84.1%, Any 11.1% and Persistent 4.8%.\n                      <jats:italic>Alternaria<\/jats:italic>\n                      trajectories showed graded associations with asthma, and more strongly with rhinitis (trend\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001 for both), with highest risks for persistent asthma and rhinitis. Across ages, rAlt a 1 discriminated asthma risk better than whole\u2010extract in youth, whereas effects converged by 26\u2009years. For rhinitis, effect sizes were similar across assays and ages. Assay agreement strengthened with age, becoming substantial by 18\u2009years and near\u2010perfect by 26\u2009years.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Alternaria<\/jats:italic>\n                      sensitisation consolidates from late adolescence and, when persistent, tracks with persistent asthma and rhinitis. Longitudinal analysis shows rAlt a 1 discriminates asthma risk better than whole\u2010extract in youth, while assays are largely interchangeable in adulthood.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.70394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T03:50:52Z","timestamp":1779162652000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Natural History of\n                    <i>Alternaria<\/i>\n                    Sensitisation and Association With Asthma and Rhinitis From Childhood to Adulthood"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5424-0655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Leily","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre  Newport UK"},{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Southampton  Southampton UK"},{"name":"Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre University Hospital Southampton  Southampton UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongmei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health University of Memphis  Memphis Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2252-1248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Graham","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre  Newport UK"},{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Southampton  Southampton UK"},{"name":"Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre University Hospital Southampton  Southampton UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pandurangan","family":"Vijayanand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"La Jolla Institute for Immunology  La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Borres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"},{"name":"Thermo Fisher Scientific Phadia AB  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7587-9054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"S\u00f6dergren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thermo Fisher Scientific Global Medical and Scientific Affairs  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramesh J.","family":"Kurukulaaratchy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre  Newport UK"},{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Southampton  Southampton UK"},{"name":"Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre University Hospital Southampton  Southampton UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5988-235X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S. 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