{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T07:56:10Z","timestamp":1791446170768,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23AI158813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23AI158813"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F31AI186242"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31AI186242"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R37AI71106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R37AI71106"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI128729"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI128729"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI169530"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI169530"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30DK065988"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30DK065988"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009561","name":"American Partnership for Eosinophilic Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009561","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000897","name":"Cystic Fibrosis Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HILL20Y2\u2010OUT"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HILL20Y2\u2010OUT"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eosinophilic esophagitis is associated with epithelial barrier dysfunction. Epidemiologic studies suggest environmental factors promote disease pathogenesis. The common household detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) induces epithelial barrier dysfunction and eosinophilic inflammation in mice. We hypothesized that acute SDS exposure would compromise the esophageal mucosal barrier in humans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Healthy adults brushed with 2\u2009g of an SDS\u2010containing toothpaste. Esophageal impedance was measured continuously pre\u2010\/post\u2010toothbrushing to assess the effect of toothpaste on epithelial barrier function. SDS was measured in saliva using a methylene blue anionic substances assay. Participants completed 1\u2010h esophageal string tests (ESTs) pre\u2010\/post\u2010toothbrushing and protein isolates from EST eluates from the proximal and distal esophagus were analyzed by tandem mass tag mass spectrometry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ten of twelve subjects completed the clinical study. SDS in the initial expectorate measured immediately after toothbrushing varied markedly (median: 321.40 \u03bcg\/mL; range: 169.90\u20131243.00\u2009\u03bcg\/mL) and was detectable in saliva in 80% of subjects (median: 9.55\u2009\u03bcg\/mL; range: 0\u2013123.40\u2009\u03bcg\/mL) at 60\u2009min post toothbrushing. Esophageal mucosal impedance decreased within 30\u2009min of toothbrushing (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Toothbrushing increased salivary viscosity and proteins associated with mucosal defense in EST eluates. The tight junction pathway was downregulated while the salivary secretion and complement and coagulation cascades pathways were upregulated in the proximal esophagus.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In healthy individuals, SDS remained detectable in saliva for a prolonged period after toothbrushing at concentrations previously shown to disrupt esophageal epithelial barrier function in\u00a0vitro. Toothbrushing with an SDS\u2010containing toothpaste was associated with reduced esophageal mucosal impedance, altered salivary properties, and activated mucosal immune responses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.70437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T12:50:50Z","timestamp":1783083050000},"page":"3631-3640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Detergent\u2010Containing Toothpaste Decreases Esophageal Mucosal Impedance and Alters Salivary Properties in Humans"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Benjamin L.","family":"Wright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Arizona  Scottsdale Arizona USA"},{"name":"Division of Allergy and Immunology Phoenix Children's  Phoenix Arizona 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Clinic  Scottsdale Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naohiro","family":"Itoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Arizona  Scottsdale Arizona USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Fukui  Fukui Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karalyn","family":"Folmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Arizona  Scottsdale Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean M.","family":"Stoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Arizona  Scottsdale Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew 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C.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marsico Lung Institute University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Lampe Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo F.","family":"Vela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Arizona  Scottsdale Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirohito","family":"Kita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Arizona  Scottsdale Arizona USA"},{"name":"Department of Immunology Mayo Clinic Arizona  Scottsdale Arizona 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