{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T04:08:22Z","timestamp":1785298102865,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Research Council of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["333178"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["333178"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Population differences in allergy prevalence and other immune\u2010mediated disease risk suggest underlying variation in immune and metabolic regulation. It remains poorly understood how these differences are reflected in proteomic profiles and linked to systemic metabolism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We examined Finnish (FIN) and Russian (RUS) adolescents aged 13\u201321\u2009years from populations with contrasting allergy risk. Protein profiles were measured using the Olink proximity extension assay platform in serum (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009110). We used unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) supernatants (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200981) as well as paired PBMC culture supernatants from medium\u2010only control and\n                      <jats:italic>Acinetobacter lwoffii<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010stimulated conditions (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200980 donors). The data were integrated with serum metabolomics, matched PBMC transcriptomics, and allergen\u2010specific IgE. Differential analyses employed age\u2010 and sex\u2010adjusted linear models (limma), with false discovery rate control. For metabolite\u2013protein associations, age\u2010 and sex\u2010adjusted rank\u2010based partial correlations were used.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The strongest differences were observed in unstimulated PBMC secretomes. FIN participants showed higher basal secretion of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including IFN\u2010\u03b3, IL\u201017A, and CXCL9. This was consistent with a broader low\u2010grade inflammatory PBMC secretory phenotype. RUS participants showed higher levels of a few proteins, including 4E\u2010BP1, CASP\u20108, and TWEAK. Overall, serum proteomic differences were modest. They involved largely nonoverlapping proteins, indicating that PBMC\u2010derived secretion and serum capture distinct proteomic compartments. Acinetobacter stimulation revealed divergent responses, with stronger induction of selected inflammatory and chemotactic mediators in FIN than in RUS. Metabolite\u2013protein associations were more evident in RUS than in FIN, with taurine\u2010related metabolites positively and cAMP\u2010related signals negatively associated with several serum proteins.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Together, these findings show that FIN and RUS adolescents with contrasting allergy risk display distinct immunometabolic profiles. FIN adolescents showed a broader pro\u2010inflammatory PBMC secretory phenotype, whereas stronger serum metabolite\u2013protein coupling was observed in RUS adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.70461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T12:30:54Z","timestamp":1784896254000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Distinct Immunometabolic Profiles in Finnish and Russian Karelian Adolescents With Contrasting Allergy Risk"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Nanna","family":"Fyhrquist","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Health Sciences Karlstad University  Karlstad Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1465-9055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matilda","family":"Riskum\u00e4ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Microbiome Research (HUMI), Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0635-2704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piia","family":"Karisola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Microbiome Research (HUMI), Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anni","family":"Nieminen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki  Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6614-4782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiina","family":"Laatikainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL)  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"Sinkko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Microbiome Research (HUMI), Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2738-2654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Paalanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL)  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pekka","family":"Jousilahti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL)  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erkki","family":"Vartiainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL)  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2933-3111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mika J.","family":"M\u00e4kel\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergology, Skin and Allergy Hospital University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4757-2156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tari","family":"Haahtela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergology, Skin and Allergy Hospital University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0106-8923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harri","family":"Alenius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Human Microbiome Research (HUMI), Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.299.6710.1259"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/falgy.2023.1152927"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.13728"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2015.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14895"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-090122-042631"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aay4014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2020.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1254948"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.2RI0919-302R"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14789450.2020.1763174"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-022-00572-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-101220-031513"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109911"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12895"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.07.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12527"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2202\/1544-6115.1027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9993.2001.01070.pp.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.09.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adx2678"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-41423-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.07.059"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1205624109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20090845"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2007.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2009.02253.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20151570"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/falgy.2022.887672"}],"container-title":["Allergy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/all.70461","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/all.70461","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/all.70461","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T03:57:38Z","timestamp":1785297458000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/all.70461"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/all.70461"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/all.70461","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0105-4538","1398-9995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0105-4538","type":"print"},{"value":"1398-9995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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