{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T11:26:03Z","timestamp":1784546763551,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,18]],"date-time":"2014-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1395100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Anaesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The use of periclavicular brachial plexus block as regional anaesthesia for surgical procedures on the upper extremity is common. However, the proximity of the pleura results in a risk of pneumothorax. Without ultrasound monitoring, the pneumothorax risk has been reported to be as high as 6.1%. We conducted a prospective, observational study to examine the risk of pneumothorax in 6366 ultrasound\u2010guided periclavicular plexus blocks. All patients with a clinically manifest and radiologically confirmed pneumothorax were analysed. Clinically symptomatic pneumothorax occurred in four patients (0.06%; 95% CI 0.001\u20130.124), in three of them after a two\u2010day latency period. Ultrasound guidance does therefore appear to reduce the risk of pneumothorax. Although all of the anaesthesiologists involved in the complications had previously performed fewer than 20 blocks, we are not able to confirm that a block experience \u2264\u00a020 is a significant risk factor. Faulty image\u2010setting, inability to obtain a view of the needle tip and inadequate supervision are likely to be important risk factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.12586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,18]],"date-time":"2014-03-18T14:05:27Z","timestamp":1395151527000},"page":"327-336","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Incidence of clinically symptomatic pneumothorax in ultrasound\u2010guided infraclavicular and supraclavicular brachial plexus block"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Gauss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology University of Ulm Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Tugtekin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology University of Ulm Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Georgieff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology University of Ulm Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Dinse\u2010Lambracht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology University of Ulm Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Keipke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology University of Ulm Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Gorsewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology University of Ulm Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-194811000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"241","article-title":"Brachial plexus block anesthesia","volume":"29","author":"Bonica JJ","year":"1950","journal-title":"Current Researches in Anesthesia and 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