{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T01:01:01Z","timestamp":1782176461223,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,4]],"date-time":"2020-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["associationofanaesthetists-publications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anaesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , tranexamic acid is recommended for all surgical procedures where expected blood loss exceeds 500\u00a0ml. However, the optimal dose, route and timing of administration are not known. This study aimed to evaluate current practice of peri\u2010operative tranexamic acid administration. Patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty, total knee arthroplasty or unicompartmental knee arthroplasty during a 2\u2010week period were eligible for inclusion in this prospective study. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients receiving tranexamic acid in the peri\u2010operative period. Secondary outcomes included: dose, route and timing of tranexamic acid administration; prevalence of pre\u2010 and postoperative anaemia; estimated blood loss; and red blood cell transfusion rates. In total, we recruited 1701 patients from 56\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NHS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    hospitals. Out of these, 1523 (89.5%) patients received tranexamic acid and of those, 1052 (69.1%) received a single dose of 1000\u00a0mg intravenously either pre\u2010 or intra\u2010operatively. Out of the 1701 patients, 571 (33.6%) and 1386 (81.5%) patients were anaemic (haemoglobin &lt;\u00a0130\u00a0g.l\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) in the pre\u2010 and postoperative period, respectively. Mean (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) estimated blood loss for all included patients was 792 (453) ml and 54 patients (3.1%) received a red blood cell transfusion postoperatively. The transfusion rate for patients with pre\u2010operative anaemia was 6.5%, compared with 1.5% in patients without anaemia. Current standard of care in the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    is to administer 1000\u00a0mg of tranexamic intravenously either pre\u2010 or intra\u2010operatively. Approximately one\u2010third of patients present for surgery with anaemia, although the overall red blood cell transfusion rate is low. These data provide useful comparators when assessing the efficacy of tranexamic acid and other patient blood management interventions in future studies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]],"date-time":"2020-06-05T02:19:43Z","timestamp":1591323583000},"page":"1050-1058","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Peri\u2010operative administration of tranexamic acid in lower limb arthroplasty: a multicentre, prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"T. D.","family":"Lloyd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"},{"name":"Oxford Surgical Collaborative for Audit and Research  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Neal\u2010Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Surgical Collaborative for Audit and Research  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Fennelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Surgical Collaborative for Audit and Research  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Claireaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Surgical Collaborative for Audit and Research  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Bretherton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"},{"name":"Oxford Surgical Collaborative for Audit and Research  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. J.","family":"Carr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford UK"},{"name":"NHS Blood and Transplant  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. J.","family":"Kendrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. J. R.","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"collaborators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.01335"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.101B1.BJJ-2018-0554.R1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2016.08.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.17.00237"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.11393"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g4829"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","unstructured":"NICE.Blood Transfusion [NG24].2015.https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng24(accessed 17\/03\/2020)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1381\/096089206777346673"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14358"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","unstructured":"NHS Blood and Transplant.National Comparative Audit of Blood Transfusion 2016: Repeat Audit of Patient Blood Management in Adults undergoing elective scheduled surgery.2016.https:\/\/nhsbtdbe.blob.core.windows.net\/umbraco-assets-corp\/14914\/2016-pbm-final.pdf(accessed 18\/03\/2020)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","article-title":"Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of bleeding in people undergoing elective hip or knee surgery: a systematic review and network meta\u2010analysis","author":"Gibbs VN","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic 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18\/03\/2020)."}],"container-title":["Anaesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fanae.15056","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/anae.15056","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/anae.15056","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/associationofanaesthetists-publications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/anae.15056","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T16:31:50Z","timestamp":1761669110000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/associationofanaesthetists-publications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/anae.15056"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,4]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/anae.15056"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/anae.15056","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-2409","1365-2044"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-2409","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2044","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-03-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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