{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T17:22:49Z","timestamp":1792430569590,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,4]],"date-time":"2020-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006775","name":"GE Healthcare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006775","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["associationofanaesthetists-publications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anaesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Caesarean delivery is the most commonly performed inpatient surgical procedure globally. Pain after caesarean delivery is moderate to severe if not adequately treated, and is a primary anaesthetic concern for patients. Transversus abdominis plane and quadratus lumborum blocks are fascial plane blocks that have the potential to improve analgesia following caesarean delivery. Although proponents of the quadratus lumborum block suggest that this technique may provide better analgesia compared with transversus abdominis plane block, there are limited data directly comparing these two techniques. We, therefore, performed a systematic review and network meta\u2010analysis to compare transversus abdominis plane and quadratus lumborum block approaches, seeking randomised controlled trials comparing both techniques to each other, or to control, with or without intrathecal morphine. In all, 31 trials with 2188 patients were included and our primary outcome, the cumulative intravenous morphine equivalent consumption at 24\u00a0h, was reported in 12 trials. In the absence of intrathecal morphine, transversus abdominis plane and quadratus lumborum blocks were equivalent, and both were superior to control (moderate\u2010quality evidence). In the presence of intrathecal morphine, no differences were found between control, transversus abdominis plane and quadratus lumborum blocks (moderate\u2010quality evidence). Similar results were found for resting and active pain scores at 4\u20136\u00a0h, 8\u201312\u00a0h, 24\u00a0h and 36\u00a0h, although quadratus lumborum block was associated with lower pain scores at 36\u00a0h when compared with transversus abdominis plane block (very low\u2010quality evidence). However, transversus abdominis plane block was associated with a reduced incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (moderate\u2010quality evidence) and sedation when compared with inactive control following intrathecal morphine administration (low\u2010quality evidence). There are insufficient data to draw definitive conclusions, but transversus abdominis plane and quadratus lumborum block appear to be superior to control in the absence of intrathecal morphine, but provide limited additional benefit over inactive control when intrathecal morphine is also used.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,4]],"date-time":"2020-07-04T07:24:38Z","timestamp":1593847478000},"page":"393-403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["Quadratus lumborum block vs. transversus abdominis plane block for caesarean delivery: a systematic review and network meta\u2010analysis\n                    <sup>*<\/sup>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9912-717X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"El\u2010Boghdadly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia Guy\u2019s and St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust London UK"},{"name":"King\u2019s College London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Desai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia Guy\u2019s and St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust London UK"},{"name":"King\u2019s College London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Halpern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, and Pain Medicine University of Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Blake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Library Little Rock AR USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. 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