{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T05:01:02Z","timestamp":1793682062662,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,28]],"date-time":"2021-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["associationofanaesthetists-publications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anaesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Whether high\u2010flow vs. low\u2010flow nasal oxygen reduces hypoxaemia for sedation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is currently unknown. In this multicentre trial, 132 patients ASA physical status 3 or higher, BMI &gt;\u200930\u2009kg.m\n                    <jats:sup>\u20102<\/jats:sup>\n                    or with known or suspected obstructive sleep apnoea were randomly allocated to high\u2010flow nasal oxygen up to 60\u2009l.min\n                    <jats:sup>\u20101<\/jats:sup>\n                    at 100% F\n                    <jats:sub>I<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    or low\u2010flow nasal oxygen at 4\u2009l.min\n                    <jats:sup>\u20101<\/jats:sup>\n                    . The low\u2010flow nasal oxygen group also received oxygen at 4\u2009l.min\n                    <jats:sup>\u20101<\/jats:sup>\n                    through an oxygenating mouthguard, totalling 8\u2009l.min\n                    <jats:sup>\u20101<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Primary outcome was hypoxaemia, defined as S\n                    <jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    &lt;\u200990% regardless of duration. Hypoxaemia occurred in 7.7% (5\/65) of patients with high\u2010flow and 9.1% (6\/66) with low\u2010flow nasal oxygen (percentage point difference \u22121.4%, 95%CI \u221210.9 to 8.0; p\u2009=\u20090.77). Between the groups, there were no significant differences in frequency of hypoxaemic episodes; lowest S\n                    <jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ; peak transcutaneous carbon dioxide; hypercarbia (transcutaneous carbon dioxide &gt;\u20092.66\u2009kPa from baseline); requirement of chin lift\/jaw thrust; nasopharyngeal airway insertion; bag\u2010mask ventilation; or tracheal intubation. Following adjustment for duration of the procedure, the primary outcome remained non\u2010significant. In high\u2010risk patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, oxygen therapy with high\u2010flow nasal oxygen did not reduce the rate of hypoxaemia, hypercarbia or the need for airway interventions, compared with combined oral and nasal low\u2010flow oxygen.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,28]],"date-time":"2021-06-28T17:14:37Z","timestamp":1624900477000},"page":"46-53","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Effect of high\u2010flow vs. low\u2010flow nasal plus mouthguard oxygen therapy on hypoxaemia during sedation: a\u00a0multicentre randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4654-9608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V.","family":"Thiruvenkatarajan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia 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