{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T16:32:02Z","timestamp":1785688322201,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["associationofanaesthetists-publications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anaesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    High\u2010flow nasal oxygen used before and during apnoea prolongs time to desaturation at induction of anaesthesia. It is unclear how much oxygenation before apnoea prolongs this time. We randomly allocated 84 participants to 3\u2009minutes of pre\u2010oxygenation by one of three methods: 15\u2009l.min\n                    <jats:sup>\u20101<\/jats:sup>\n                    by facemask; 50\u2009l.min\n                    <jats:sup>\u20101<\/jats:sup>\n                    by high\u2010flow nasal cannulae only; or 50\u2009l.min\n                    <jats:sup>\u20101<\/jats:sup>\n                    by high\u2010flow nasal cannulae plus 15\u2009l.min\n                    <jats:sup>\u20101<\/jats:sup>\n                    by mouthpiece. We then anaesthetised and intubated the trachea of 79 participants and waited for oxygen saturation to fall to 92%. Median (IQR [range]) times to desaturate to 92% after pre\u2010oxygenation with facemask oxygen, high\u2010flow nasal oxygen only and high\u2010flow nasal oxygen with mouthpiece, were: 309 (208\u2010417 [107\u2010544]) s; 344 (250\u2010393 [194\u2010585]) s; and 386 (328\u2010498 [182\u2010852]) s, respectively, p\u2009=\u20090.014. Time to desaturation after facemask pre\u2010oxygenation was shorter than after combined nasal and mouthpiece pre\u2010oxygenation, p\u2009=\u20090.006. We could not statistically distinguish high\u2010flow nasal oxygen without mouthpiece from the other two groups for this outcome. Median (IQR [range]) arterial oxygen partial pressure after 3\u2009minutes of pre\u2010oxygenation by facemask, nasal cannulae and nasal cannulae plus mouthpiece, was: 49 (36\u201061 [24\u201066]) kPa; 57 (48\u201062 [30\u201069]) kPa; and 61 (55\u201064 [36\u201072]) kPa, respectively, p\u2009=\u20090.003. Oxygen partial pressure after 3\u2009minutes of pre\u2010oxygenation with nasal and mouthpiece combination was greater than after facemask pre\u2010oxygenation, p\u2009=\u20090.002, and after high\u2010flow nasal oxygen alone, p\u2009=\u20090.016. We did not reject the null hypothesis for the pairwise comparison of facemask pre\u2010oxygenation and high\u2010flow nasal pre\u2010oxygenation, p\u2009=\u20090.14.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T03:01:12Z","timestamp":1629169272000},"page":"40-45","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Pre\u2010oxygenation with facemask oxygen vs high\u2010flow nasal oxygen vs high\u2010flow nasal oxygen plus mouthpiece: a randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Lyons","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Galway University Hospitals Galway Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"McElwain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Galway University Hospitals Galway Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. G.","family":"Coughlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Galway University Hospitals Galway Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. A.","family":"O\u2019Gorman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Galway University Hospitals Galway Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. H.","family":"Harte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Galway University Hospitals Galway Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Kinirons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Galway University Hospitals Galway Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. G.","family":"Laffey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Galway University Hospitals Galway Ireland"},{"name":"Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine National University of Ireland Galway Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Callaghan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Galway University Hospitals Galway Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aev371"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aer058"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14565"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.13799"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14215"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14567"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14995"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199011000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1991.tb09593.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200506000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200301000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2010.02365.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5049.154998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000000954"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/75.6.777"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.12923"}],"container-title":["Anaesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/anae.15556","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/anae.15556","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/associationofanaesthetists-publications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/anae.15556","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T01:33:38Z","timestamp":1761701618000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/associationofanaesthetists-publications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/anae.15556"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/anae.15556"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/anae.15556","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-2409","1365-2044"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-2409","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2044","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-06-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-08-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}