{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T07:30:46Z","timestamp":1788420646828,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737590400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82271225"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82271225"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["associationofanaesthetists-publications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anaesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data regarding the incidence of 12\u2010month postoperative cognitive decline following regional or general anaesthesia in older patients undergoing hip fracture surgery remain observational. Compared with general anaesthesia, we hypothesised that regional anaesthesia would decrease the incidence of 12\u2010month postoperative cognitive decline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is substudy of a multicentre randomised trial of regional anaesthesia with no sedation vs. general anaesthesia with 12\u2010month follow\u2010up, conducted in nine university hospitals in south\u2010eastern China. Patients aged \u2265\u200965\u2009y with hip fractures requiring surgery were eligible for inclusion. The prespecified 1\u2010year primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative cognitive decline at 12\u2009months post\u2010randomisation. Secondary outcomes included major or mild postoperative cognitive decline; changes in Mini\u2010Mental State Examination; newly developed dementia; affective status; and health\u2010related quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We recruited 950 patients between October 2014 and September 2018 (n\u2009=\u2009474 general and n\u2009=\u2009476 regional), with the last participant interviewed in November 2019. A total of 293 patients (139 general vs. 154 regional) were included in the primary analysis of the 12\u2010month outcome. Median (IQR [range]) age of patients was 78 (71\u201382 [65\u201396]) y and 217 (74.1%) were female. The incidence of cognitive decline at 12\u2009months was 29.7% vs. 25.4% of patients allocated to general vs. regional anaesthesia, respectively (unadjusted OR 1.2 (95%CI 0.7\u20132.1), p\u2009=\u20090.43, Bayes factor\u2009=\u20090.28). Major cognitive decline developed in 8.6% vs. 8.5% of patients allocated to general vs. regional anaesthesia, respectively (unadjusted OR 1.0 (95%CI 0.4\u20132.4)).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The incidence of 12\u2010month postoperative cognitive decline was not significantly different in patients having general or regional anaesthesia for hip fracture surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.16545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T00:52:54Z","timestamp":1737679974000},"page":"771-780","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Incidence of 12\u2010month postoperative cognitive decline following regional vs. general anaesthesia in older patients undergoing hip fracture surgery: follow\u2010up of the\n                    <scp>RAGA<\/scp>\n                    trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Ting","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou China"},{"name":"Clinical Research Unit The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenchen","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Unit The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyong","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Ningbo No.6 Hospital  Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinze","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Mazaheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology University of Birmingham and Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham  Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingcang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province  Taizhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengwei","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul S.","family":"Myles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Alfred Hospital and Monash University  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinguang","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Lishui Municipal Central Hospital  Lishui 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