{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T16:06:07Z","timestamp":1791561967118,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,8]],"date-time":"2025-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82471290"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82471290"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["associationofanaesthetists-publications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anaesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Emergence agitation is common after ear, nose and throat surgery, causing patient discomfort and increased risk of complications. We hypothesised that pre\u2010operative dexmedetomidine nasal spray would reduce the incidence of emergence agitation in adult patients undergoing these procedures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a randomised double\u2010blind controlled trial in adults scheduled for ear, nose and throat surgery. Patients were allocated (1:1) to receive nasal spray with dexmedetomidine (75\u2013100\u2009\u03bcg based on age and weight) or 0.9% saline, 30\u2009min before induction. Sevoflurane anaesthesia was titrated to bispectral index 40\u201360. The primary outcome was the incidence of emergence agitation (Riker sedation agitation scale score \u2265\u20095 from sevoflurane discontinuation to 5\u2009min post\u2010tracheal extubation).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We recruited 159 patients (median (IQR [range]) age 50 (36\u201360 [18\u201377]) y; 62% male). The incidence of emergence agitation in patients allocated to the dexmedetomidine group was 25% (20\/80) compared with 47% (37\/79) in those allocated to the 0.9% saline group (RR 0.53, 95%CI 0.34\u20130.82, p\u2009=\u20090.004), with a number needed to treat of 4.6. Secondary and exploratory outcomes showed that dexmedetomidine nasal spray was associated with: less venepuncture pain; reduced rate of sleep disturbance on the first night after surgery; and higher patient satisfaction, without increasing adverse events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pre\u2010operative dexmedetomidine nasal spray reduced emergence agitation in adult patients undergoing ear, nose and throat surgery, and could enhance peri\u2010operative care for these procedures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.16726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,8]],"date-time":"2025-08-08T11:26:55Z","timestamp":1754652415000},"page":"1519-1527","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Pre\u2010operative dexmedetomidine nasal spray and emergence agitation in adults undergoing ear, nose and throat surgery: a randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Dan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou Jiangsu China"},{"name":"Institute of Anaesthesiology Soochow University  Suzhou Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Dou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou Jiangsu China"},{"name":"Institute of Anaesthesiology Soochow University  Suzhou Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing\u2010hui","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou Jiangsu China"},{"name":"Institute of Anaesthesiology 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