{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T18:38:36Z","timestamp":1793039916493,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["associationofanaesthetists-publications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anaesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pain following hepatectomy may delay recovery and increase opioid use. We tested the primary hypothesis that combining lidocaine and low\u2010dose esketamine would reduce movement\u2010evoked pain 24\u2009h after hepatic resection. We also evaluated whether this approach reduced opioid consumption and improved quality of recovery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients having elective hepatic resections were allocated randomly to receive lidocaine\u2010esketamine or placebo from induction of anaesthesia until the end of surgery. After surgery, patients allocated to lidocaine\u2010esketamine were given a continuous infusion of lidocaine with esketamine for 72\u2009h. All patients received transversus abdominis plane blocks with ropivacaine 2\u2009mg.kg\n                      <jats:sup>\u20101<\/jats:sup>\n                      after induction of anaesthesia. Postoperative analgesia was provided by patient\u2010controlled intravenous analgesia with sufentanil.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 304 patients were included, of whom 145 (48%) had open surgery. Lidocaine\u2010esketamine infusion reduced median (IQR [range]) pain scores with movement at 24\u2009h (3 (2\u20134 [1\u20136]) vs. 4 (3\u20135 [1\u20139]), p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001); 48\u2009h (3 (2\u20134 [0\u20137]) vs. 4 (3\u20135 [0\u20138]), p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001); and 72\u2009h (2 (1\u20133 [0\u20136]) vs. 3 (2\u20134 [0\u20137]), p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), respectively. Moderate\u2010to\u2010severe movement\u2010evoked pain at 24\u2009h was evident in 52\/152 (34%) patients who received lidocaine\u2010esketamine vs. 85\/152 (56%) who received placebo (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Cumulative sufentanil equivalents were significantly reduced at each measurement time and quality of recovery scores were significantly higher through the first 72\u2009h for lidocaine\u2010esketamine compared with placebo, but these changes were clinically modest.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The combination of lidocaine with esketamine reduced movement\u2010evoked pain and opioid consumption whilst improving quality of recovery during the initial 72\u2009h after hepatic resection. However, treatment effects were modest and of limited clinical importance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.70215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T07:40:42Z","timestamp":1774942842000},"page":"1209-1218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Lidocaine combined with low\u2010dose esketamine for movement\u2010evoked pain after hepatectomy: a double\u2010blind randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology West 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