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These new guidelines respond to the changing ethical, legal and clinical landscape in which anaesthetists practice. Since 2017, the Montgomery judgment has changed medical consent practice. The General Medical Council standards on\n                      <jats:italic>decision\u2010making and consent<\/jats:italic>\n                      and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidance on\n                      <jats:italic>shared decision\u2010making<\/jats:italic>\n                      also reinforce the need for high standards of patient advice and counselling.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A Working Party, comprising representatives from professional societies, clinical and legal experts and public voice representatives, was established. Relevant new law and professional guidance was identified. A consensus process was not followed as the guidelines are based in law rather than academic opinion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The guidelines include a new section on peri\u2010operative medicine and updated advice on the timing, mode, conduct and content of consent discussions. We emphasise the role of healthcare organisations in enabling good practice. We have aligned this guidance with contemporary advice from key organisations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These guidelines focus on the law in England and Wales, but we also highlight the key differences in law across the devolved nations of the UK and Republic of Ireland. Although UK law and professional guidance have influence in other English\u2010speaking nations, a limitation of these guidelines is that they cannot be strictly applied outside the jurisdiction of the UK and Ireland. A second limitation is that they do not evaluate the resource implications that accompany them, such as clinical time and resources as well as costs of litigation and complaint.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.70283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T08:00:15Z","timestamp":1784102415000},"page":"1549-1568","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Consent for anaesthesia: guidelines from the Association of Anaesthetists"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Andrew","family":"McLeod","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Peri\u2010operative Medicine Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Bogod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Brooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia North Bristol Hospitals  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Devlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Defence Union  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Joseph\u2010Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Population Medicine Cardiff University  Cardiff Wales"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rehana","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia Mediclinic City Hospital  Dubai United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadine","family":"Montgomery\u2010Allam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"L&amp;M Medlilaw, Levy and McRae  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felicity","family":"Plaat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex Ruck","family":"Keene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"39 Essex Chambers  London UK"},{"name":"Dickson Poon School of Law King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cliff","family":"Shelton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia Wythenshawe Hospital  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University  Lancaster UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinnie","family":"Sodhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Swart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia Torbay Hospital  Torquay UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Wain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust  Oswestry UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Wellesley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny","family":"Westaway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal College of Anaesthetists  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"Montgomery v Lanarkshire Health Board [2015] UKSC 11: 15.2015.https:\/\/www.supremecourt.uk\/cases\/uksc\u20102013\u20100136(accessed 24\/01\/2026)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"Legislation.gov.uk.Mental Capacity Act 2005. 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